British politician. A proponent of philanthropic reforms, and abolitionist of the slave trade and slavery. After studying at Cambridge University, he became a member of the House of Commons at a young age and supported his friend Pitt the Younger. From around 1784, he was strongly influenced by evangelicalism through Isaac Milner (1750-1820), and while he worked hard to reform the criminal law, he also founded an organization for the moral education of the people, known as the Proclamation Society. In 1787, he became the parliamentary leader of the slave trade abolition movement, and overcame the resistance of slave traders and the conservative mood of the political world during the French Revolution to pass the Slave Trade Abolition Act in 1807. As one of the central figures of the Clapham group, a group of evangelicals seeking humanitarian reforms, he was active in the abolitionist movement and overseas missionary work. In 1833, when he died, slavery was abolished throughout the British Empire. [Yasushi Aoki] [References] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
イギリスの政治家。博愛主義的改革の推進者で、奴隷貿易・奴隷制廃止運動家。ケンブリッジ大学で学んだのち、若くして下院議員となり、友人である小ピットを支持した。1784年ごろからミルナーIsaac Milner(1750―1820)を通して福音(ふくいん)主義の影響を強く受け、刑法の改正に尽力する一方、国民の道徳的教化のための組織、通称Proclamation Societyを設立した。1787年、奴隷貿易廃止運動の議会指導者となり、奴隷貿易業者の抵抗とフランス革命期の政界の保守的ムードを克服して、1807年に奴隷貿易廃止法を成立させた。人道主義的な改革を求める福音主義者のグループ「クラパム派」の中心人物の一人として、奴隷制廃止運動、海外の宣教運動などに活躍した。彼が死亡した1833年、イギリス帝国全域で奴隷制が廃止された。 [青木 康] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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