Furano Basin

Japanese: 富良野盆地 - ふらのぼんち
Furano Basin

It is one of the basins stretching from north to south in central Hokkaido. It stretches 5-6 kilometers east to west and 30 kilometers north to south, with an area of ​​130 square kilometers and an elevation of 170-250 meters. To the east is the Tokachidake volcanic group, to the west the Yubari Mountains, and to the north it is connected to the Kamikawa Basin by the Tokachidake welded tuff hills. In the southern part of the basin floor, a complex alluvial fan formed under the fault cliff of the Yubari Mountains has developed, making it a field farming area. For a long time, the northern part was a low-lying marshland with drainage prevented by the natural levee on the north bank of the Sorachi River, but drainage work since the Taisho period has turned it into a beautiful rice field. There are large annual and daily temperature ranges, and the high summer temperatures are ideal for growing rice and vegetables. River improvement and land improvement made rice cultivation the main industry, but a plan to turn the southern alluvial fan into rice paddy fields with the construction of Kanayama Dam failed in 1967 (Showa 42), when the dam was completed, because a policy to reduce rice paddy production was adopted.

[Jiro Okamoto]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

北海道中央部に南北に連なる諸盆地の一つ。東西5~6キロメートル、南北30キロメートル、面積130平方キロメートル、標高170~250メートル。東に十勝(とかち)岳火山群、西に夕張(ゆうばり)山地があり、北は十勝岳溶結凝灰岩の丘陵で上川(かみかわ)盆地とくぎられている。盆地床の南部には夕張山地の断層崖下(がいか)に形成された複合扇状地が発達し、畑作地帯となっている。北部は長く空知(そらち)川北岸の自然堤防により排水が妨げられた低湿地であったが、大正期以降の排水工事により美田地帯となった。気温の年較差、日較差は大きく、夏季の高温は水稲、野菜の栽培に適し、河川改修と土地改良は稲作を主産業としたが、金山ダム(かなやまだむ)によって南部の扇状地を水田化する計画は、ダム完成の1967年(昭和42)、水田減反政策がとられたため蹉跌(さてつ)を生じた。

[岡本次郎]

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