This amendment became the basis of relations between the United States and Cuba from 1903 to 1934. It was so named because it was submitted and approved (1901) by Senator Orville Hitchcock Platt (1827-1905), chairman of the Senate Committee on Cuban Relations, as an amendment to the US Army Special Accounts Appropriations Bill. When the Spanish-American War began, the United States publicly pledged Cuba's independence, but after the war, under the military government (1899-1903), the relationship between the two countries after Cuba's independence became an issue, so the United States unilaterally decided on the Platt Amendment, suppressing opposition from the Cuban people, incorporated it into the Constitution of the Republic of Cuba, and officially made it a treaty after Cuba's independence (1903). The treaty consisted of eight articles, including prohibition of the cession of Cuban territory to third countries and national debt beyond the country's financial capacity, recognition of the right of the United States to intervene in order to maintain Cuba's independence and a government capable of protecting life, property, and personal freedom, and sale or lease of naval bases to the United States, which effectively made Cuba a protectorate. It was abolished in 1934. [Akira Takahashi] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
1903年から34年までキューバ、アメリカ関係の基本となった条項。アメリカ上院キューバ関係委員会議長のプラットOrville Hitchcock Platt(1827―1905)議員が、アメリカ陸軍特別会計支出予算案への追加修正として提出し承認された(1901)条項のため、この名がある。アメリカ・スペイン戦争開戦にあたってアメリカはキューバの独立を公約したが、戦後の軍政(1899~1903)下でキューバ独立後の両国の関係が問題となり、アメリカはプラット修正を一方的に決定し、キューバ国民の反対を押さえて、それをキューバ共和国憲法に組み入れ、キューバ独立後、正式に条約化した(1903)。 条項は8条からなり、キューバ領土の第三国への割譲および財政能力を超える国家債務の禁止、キューバの独立の保持および生命・財産・個人的自由を保護する能力のある政府を維持するためのアメリカの介入権の承認、海軍基地のアメリカへの売却ないし租借、などを内容としており、キューバを事実上保護国化するものであった。1934年廃止。 [高橋 章] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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