A German humanist and imperial knight during the Reformation. Born in Steckelberg, a castle in Hesse. He was sent to Fulda Abbey as a child, but he was fascinated by humanism and left the monastery. He traveled to Germany and Italy to study, published poetry, and gained fame. In 1517, he was appointed Poet Laureate by Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I. His representative work, Letters of an Ignorant Man, is a scathing criticism of the corruption of the church and the depravity of the clergy. Upon learning of Luther's Reformation, he strongly supported it, and in August 1522, he started the "Knight's War" with his close friend, the imperial knight Franz von Sickingen, in order to realize his own reform ideas, such as unifying the empire and restoring the status of knights. However, he was defeated in the battle and fled to Switzerland, where he died of an illness on the island of Ufenau in Zurich. His words, "Century, century, learning arises, art flourishes. It is good to live!", well express the spirit of the times. [Yoshio Sehara] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
宗教改革時代のドイツの人文主義者、帝国騎士。ヘッセンの居城シュテッケルベルクに生まれる。幼時フルダ修道院に送られたが、人文主義に魅せられて修道院を出、ドイツ、イタリア各地を遊学して詩作を発表、名声を博した。1517年神聖ローマ皇帝マクシミリアン1世により桂冠(けいかん)詩人に叙せられる。代表作『蒙昧(もうまい)人の書簡』は教会の腐敗、聖職者の堕落を痛烈に批判したもの。ルターの宗教改革を知るやこれを強く支持し、また帝国の統一、騎士の地位回復など自らの改革理念の実現のため、親友の帝国騎士フランツ・フォン・ジッキンゲンと協力して、22年8月「騎士戦争」を起こした。しかし、戦いに敗れスイスに逃れ、まもなくチューリヒのウフェナウ島で病没した。彼のことば「世紀よ、世紀よ、学問はおこり、芸術は栄える。生きることは愉快だ!」は、時代の精神をよく表している。 [瀬原義生] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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