Ichiro Fukuzawa

Japanese: 福沢一郎 - ふくざわいちろう

Born January 18, 1898 in Tomioka, Gunma.
[Died] October 16, 1992. Tokyo Western-style painter. In 1918, he enrolled in the Faculty of Literature at the University of Tokyo, but he became interested in sculpture and dropped out, becoming a disciple of Asakura Fumio. In 1923, his work "Drunken Man" was selected for the Teiten exhibition for the first time. In 1924, he traveled to France and viewed classical paintings from all over Europe, where he decided to switch to painting. He was initially attracted to Rubens, but after coming into contact with the Surrealist movement, he became interested in Chagall, Chirico, and Ernst. While still in France, he continued to exhibit at the Nikaten exhibition in 1929, the "1930 Association" exhibition in 1930, and the Independent Art Association exhibition in 1931. Upon returning to Japan in 1931, he became a leader in the Surrealist movement, and in 1939, he founded the Bijutsu Bunka Kyokai. In 1941, he was suspected of being a communist and was detained for eight months along with Takiguchi Shuzo. After World War II, he called for the formation of the Japan Art Association in 1946, and in 1947, he founded the Japan Avant-Garde Artists Club. In 1951, he exhibited his work at the São Paulo Biennale. From 1952 to 1954, he travelled around Europe and Latin America, where he developed an interest in murals and stained glass. In 1957, he won the Grand Prize at the Japan International Art Exhibition for "Burial," and in 1962, he won the National Museum of Modern Art Award for "Negro Spirituals" and "Negro Hymns." In 1958, he exhibited his work at the Venice Biennale. He established a style of work that dramatically expresses the strength and foolishness of human beings that underlie history and mythology. Although he was never elected a member of the Japan Art Academy, he was awarded the Person of Cultural Merit in 1978 and the Order of Culture in 1991.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1898.1.18. 群馬，富岡
[没]1992.10.16. 東京
洋画家。 1918年に東京大学文学部に入学したが，彫刻に興味をいだき退学，朝倉文夫の弟子となった。 23年『酔漢』で帝展初入選。 24年フランスに渡りヨーロッパ各地の古典絵画を見て回るうちに絵画への転向を決意した。初めはルーベンスなどにひかれたが，シュルレアリスム運動に触れて，シャガール，キリコ，エルンストらに傾倒していった。在仏のまま，29年二科展，30年「1930年協会」展，31年独立美術協会展に出品を続けた。 31年帰国とともにシュルレアリスム運動のリーダー的存在となり，39年美術文化協会を結成。 41年コミュニストの嫌疑をかけられて滝口修造とともに8ヵ月間拘禁された。第2次世界大戦後の 46年日本美術会結成を呼びかけ，47年日本アバンギャルド美術家クラブを結成した。 51年サンパウロ・ビエンナーレに出品。 52～54年ヨーロッパと中南米を遊歴，壁画やステンドグラスへの関心を深めた。 57年『埋葬』で日本国際美術展最優秀賞，62年『黒人霊歌』『黒人聖歌』で国立近代美術館賞を受賞。 58年ベネチア・ビエンナーレに出品。歴史や神話などの根底にある人間のたくましさや愚かさをドラマティックに表現する作風を確立した。芸術院会員に選ばれることはなかったが，78年文化功労者，91年文化勲章を受章した。

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