Joost van den Vondel

Japanese: フォンデル - ふぉんでる(英語表記)Joost van den Vondel
Joost van den Vondel

Dutch poet and playwright. Born in Cologne, Germany, he moved around a lot as a result of the religious wars, and then settled in Amsterdam. He was interested in Greek and Latin classical literature, and joined Hooft's literary circle, but this relationship ended when he converted from Baptist Protestantism to Catholicism. Amidst the deaths of his son, daughter, and wife and a succession of family misfortunes, he published a number of political satires about the assassination of politician Oldenbarneveld and lyric poems on the deaths of his relatives, but he was particularly skilled at writing plays, leaving behind 32 works. His play "Gijsbrecht in the Amstel" (1637), which is based on the Great Fire of Troja, tells of the hero Geisbrecht's emergence to save Amsterdam from its decline and predict its prosperity, premiered in 1638 to commemorate the founding of the city theater, and was customarily performed every New Year from 1641 to 1968. Other major works include the politically charged and controversial "Mary Stuart" (1646), "Satan" (1654), which is often compared to Milton's "Paradise Lost," and its second part, "The Banishment of Adam" (1664).

[Kondo Noriko]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

オランダの詩人、劇作家。ドイツのケルンに生まれ、宗教戦争の結果、各地を転々としたのち、アムステルダムに落ち着く。ギリシア、ラテン語の古典文学に傾倒し、ホーフトの文学仲間に加わったが、浸礼派の新教からカトリックに改宗後この関係は絶えた。息子、娘、妻の死と家庭の不幸が続くなかで、政治家オルデンバルネフェルトの暗殺を扱った政治風刺詩や、肉親の死に寄せた叙情詩の数々を発表したが、とくに戯曲に優れ、32編の作品を残した。トロヤの大火災になぞらえた、没落直前のアムステルダムを救う英雄ヘイスブレヒトが出現し、市の繁栄を予言する戯曲『アムステルのヘイスブレヒト』(1637)は、1638年に市劇場設立記念に初演され、41年から1968年まで毎年新年に上演される習わしであった。そのほかおもな作品に、政治的色彩の濃い問題作『メアリー・スチュアート』(1646)、ミルトンの『失楽園』と並び称される『サタン』(1654)とその第二部『アダムの追放』(1664)などがある。

[近藤紀子]

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