An artery that connects the pulmonary artery and aortic arch in mammalian fetuses. It was discovered by the Italian physician Leonardo Botallo (1530-71) and is therefore called the ductus arteriosus or simply the ductus arteriosus. During fetal development, the lungs are not active, so the ductus arteriosus releases blood that flows from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery into the aorta instead of sending it to the lungs, allowing it to be used in the general circulation. After birth, it closes within two months to one year, and later remains as the connective tissue ligamentum arteriosus. However, if it does not close for some reason, it becomes a congenital heart disease called a patent ductus arteriosus, which causes circulatory disorders. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
哺乳類の胎児の肺動脈と大動脈弓とを連絡する動脈。イタリアの医師ボタロLeonardo Botallo(1530‐71)が発見したのでこの名があり,ボタロ動脈管あるいは単に動脈管ともいう。胎生期には肺が活動していないので,右心室から肺動脈に流出した血液を肺に送らずに大動脈に放出して,大循環に利用する役目をもっている。出生後は2ヵ月ないし1年くらいで閉鎖し,後には結合組織性の〈動脈管索〉として残る。しかし,なんらかの原因で閉鎖しないとボタロ管開存という先天性心疾患となり,循環障害を起こす。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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