1605‐65 King of Spain. Reigned 1621-65. From the beginning of his reign until 1643, his favorite, the ambitious Count of Olivares, wielded absolute power. He actively intervened in European affairs in the pursuit of Spanish glory, and also tried to forcibly centralize power in an attempt to promote domestic unity. However, both attempts failed, and Spain's national power was exhausted and it fell to a second-rate state. Externally, he broke a 12-year truce with the Netherlands that had expired in 1621 and resumed war, and in the Thirty Years' War, he sided with the Holy Roman Emperor in the name of protecting Catholicism. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
1605‐65 スペイン王。在位1621‐65年。治世当初より1643年まで,寵臣である野心的なオリバレス伯公爵が絶対的な権力を振るい,スペインの栄光を求めてヨーロッパ問題に積極的に介入し,また国内の統合促進を目ざして強引に中央集権化を図った。しかしいずれも失敗に終わり,スペインは国力を消耗して二流国に転落した。対外的には,1621年に期限のきたオランダとの12年間休戦協定を破棄して戦争を再開し,そのうえ,三十年戦争ではカトリックの守護を名分に神聖ローマ皇帝の陣営に荷担した。 出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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