Rainfall consisting of ice particles or chunks 5 mm or more in diameter. They range from 5 to 50 mm, sometimes even larger. They can be transparent or have an opaque layer. They generally fall in association with strong thunderstorms. As the snow crystals fall, they collide with and freeze many supercooled cloud particles that rise up, gradually growing and increasing in speed as they fall to the ground. Because the particles are large for precipitation, their free-fall speed is also quite fast. To counter this, a strong updraft is essential for them to grow into hail. They can cause serious damage to crops. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
直径 5mm以上の氷粒または氷塊の降水。直径は 5~50mmで,ときにはそれ以上に大きくなる。透明なものと不透明な層をもつものがある。一般に強い雷電に伴って降る。雪の結晶が落ちる途中で上昇してくる多数の過冷却雲粒が衝突して凍りつき,しだいに成長して落下速度を増し地上に達する。降水としては粒が大きいため,自然落下速度もかなり大きい。それに逆らって,ひょうとして成長するためには強い上昇気流が不可欠である。農作物に大きな被害を与えることがある。
出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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