…Therefore, in order to know the concrete meaning of the positive law that actually functions as a judicial norm, it is no longer possible to ignore precedents, and although there are considerable differences of opinion on its significance and method, case study is gradually gaining importance in the actual activities of legal hermeneutics. The main task of case study is to extract from judgments general standards that have precedent-binding force as precedents (called ratio decidendi in Anglo-American law), to clarify what position they occupy in the positive law system, and how they supplement or change which parts of the statutes. In addition, the purpose should not simply be to predict future cases, but also to work toward the formation of more just and rational judicial norms by providing critical commentary on precedents. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "ratio decidendi" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…したがって,現実に裁判規範として機能している実定法の具体的意味内容を知るためには,判例を無視することはできなくなっており,判例研究は,その意義や方法についてはかなりの見解の相違もみられるが,法解釈学の現実の活動のなかでしだいに比重を高めてきている。 判例研究のおもな任務は,判決のなかから判例として先例的拘束力をもつ一般的規準(英米法ではレイシオ・デシデンダイratio decidendiとよばれる)を抽出し,実定法体系のなかでどのような位置を占め,制定法のどの部分をどのように補完ないし変更しているかを明らかにすることである。また,たんに将来の裁判の予測だけでなく,判例に対して批判的な論評を加えることによって,より正義にかなった合理的な裁判規範の形成に働きかけることも,その目的とすべきである。… ※「ratio decidendi」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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