Beer hall - beer hall

Japanese: ビヤホール - びやほーる(英語表記)beer hall
Beer hall - beer hall

A popular restaurant that serves draft beer and mainly Western-style food. It has a long history, dating back to the 18th century BC, when the ancient Babylonian Code of Hammurabi contained a clause that stated that women who worked at beer bars who accepted payment in silver would be punished. The beer houses of Munich, Germany, date back to the 16th century. There are various theories about the beginning of beer halls in Japan, including a beer garden for foreign sailors opened by American William Copeland (1832-1902) in Yamate, Yokohama around 1879 (Meiji 12), a tea shop set up by Osaka Beer (beer) and Marusan Beer at the National Industrial Exposition in Kyoto in April 1895, and a beer party held by Osaka Beer in Nakanoshima, Osaka in the summer of the same year. However, it is generally believed to have begun as Ebisu Beer Hall, which was opened by Nippon Beer on August 4, 1899 at Minamikinrokucho 5, Kyobashi Ward, Tokyo (now Ginza 8-chome 9). The selling prices were 20 sen for a large cup (1 liter), 10 sen for a medium cup (half a liter), and 5 sen for a small cup (quarter liter), and the business was a huge success.

The word "beer hall" is a Japanese-English word that was apparently suggested by an Englishman just before the opening, over options such as beer room, beer bar and beer salon, and similar names such as Milk Hall, Masamune Hall and Kintsuba Hall became popular. After this, various companies opened beer halls one after another, and they have continued to thrive except for a period during World War II. Also, beer gardens, which use rooftops of buildings only in the summer, are said to have originated in Osaka in 1953 (Showa 28) and spread throughout the country.

[Moriwaki Itsuo]

"Japanese Beer" by Mami Inagaki (Chuko Shinsho)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

生ビールと主として洋風の料理を供する大衆的飲食店。歴史は古く、紀元前18世紀、古代バビロニアのハムラビ法典に、代金を銀で受け取ったビール酒場の女は罰せられるなどの条項がある。ドイツ・ミュンヘンのビヤハウスは16世紀にさかのぼる歴史をもつ。日本のビヤホールの始まりは、アメリカ人ウィリアム・コープランドWilliam Copeland(1832―1902)が1879年(明治12)ごろ横浜・山手に開いた外国船員対象のビヤガーデン、95年4月大阪麦酒(ビール)と丸三ビールが京都の内国勧業博覧会会場に設けた茶店、同年夏大阪麦酒が大阪・中之島で開催したビール会など諸説があるが、一般には99年8月4日、日本麦酒が東京市京橋区南金六町五(現在の銀座八丁目9)に開店した恵比寿(えびす)ビヤホールとされる。売価は大コップ(1リットル)20銭、中コップ(半リットル)10銭、小コップ(4分の1リットル)5銭で大繁盛した。

 ビヤホールは和製英語で、開店直前、あるイギリス人の提案で、ビヤルーム、ビヤバー、ビヤサロンなどの候補を抑えて決まったといい、ミルクホール、正宗(まさむね)ホール、金つばホールなど類似呼称が流行した。このあと各社が相次いでビヤホールを開設、第二次世界大戦の一時期を除いて隆盛が続いている。また夏だけビル屋上などを利用するビヤガーデンは、1953年(昭和28)大阪で生まれ、全国に広がったといわれる。

[森脇逸男]

『稲垣真美著『日本のビール』(中公新書)』

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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