British politician. The most powerful opponent of the monarchy during the early Stuart and Puritan revolutions. Born in Cornwall, he was orphaned and taken in by a Puritan family. Educated at Oxford University and the Temple Law School, he first worked in farming in the west and was involved in local politics. In 1621, he was elected to the House of Commons, and throughout the 1620s he was a powerful opponent of the government, working hard to get the Petition of Right passed. Later, under the personal rule of Charles I, he turned his attention to the New World and was involved in the management of colonial companies, but in 1640, with the convening of the Short Parliament, he returned to the public eye and was a skilled leader in running the Long Parliament. After the start of the civil war, he tried to establish a parliamentary administration, but died on December 8, 1643, without seeing the results. (Book version, 1988) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
イギリスの政治家。初期スチュアート朝およびピューリタン革命期におけるもっとも有力な国王反対派。コーンウォールに生まれ、孤児となってピューリタンの家族に引き取られる。オックスフォード大学、テンプル法学院で教育を受け、最初は西部で農業経営に従事しつつ地方政治に携わった。1621年、庶民院(下院)議員に選出され、1620年代を通じて有力な政府反対派として活動し、「権利請願」の採択などに尽力した。その後チャールズ1世の親政のもとでは関心を「新世界」に向け、植民会社の経営に携わったが、1640年、短期議会の招集とともにふたたび表舞台に現れ、長期議会の運営に辣腕(らつわん)を振るった。内戦の開始後は議会による行政の確立に努めたが、その結果をみずに1643年12月8日世を去った。(書籍版 1988年) 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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