Hino family - Hinoke

A nobleman of the Northern Fujiwara clan. Descended from Manatsu, the eldest son of the Minister of the Right, Uchimaro. His grandson, Iemune, founded Hokaiji Temple in Hino, Uji County, Yamashiro Province (Fushimi Ward, Kyoto City), and five generations later, Sukenari built Yakushido Hall at Hokaiji Temple in the mid-11th century, and the family has been called the Hino clan ever since. He served the Imperial Court, devoting himself to Confucianism and writing, and was often appointed as Daigaku no Kami. From the end of the Kamakura period to the Nanboku-cho civil war, Suketomo and Toshimoto, who participated in Emperor Godaigo's plot to overthrow the shogunate and were later executed, are well known, but there were also those who served the Northern Court and contributed to the establishment of the Muromachi shogunate. During the Muromachi period, after Tokimitsu's daughter Nariko married Ashikaga Yoshimitsu, the family became related to the Ashikaga shogunate for generations and began to wield great power. During the time of Ashikaga Yoshinori, who was said to be the "fear of all," many nobles and monks visited his brother Hino Yoshisuke to celebrate the birth of his wife Hino Shigeko's first son. However, since Yoshisuke was under house arrest at the time due to Yoshinori's displeasure, all 60 nobles and monks who visited him were punished. In 1443 (Kakitsu 3), when the Southern Court forces attacked the Imperial Palace, Hino Arimitsu was killed for cooperating with them. Furthermore, during the turbulent political situation around the time of the Onin War (1467-77), many historical documents tell us about the tyrannical behavior of Ashikaga Yoshimasa's wife Hino Tomiko and her brother Katsumitsu. In the Edo period, he received a stipend of 1,153 koku, and in the Meiji period, he was granted the title of count. Its branches include the Uramatsu, Yotsutsuji, Karasumaru, Yanagihara, Takeya, Hinonishi, Toyama, Toyooka, Mimurodo, Kitanokoji, Hirohashi, and Kageyunokoji.

[Norimi Sakai]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

公家(くげ)。藤原北家(ほっけ)流。右大臣内麿(うちまろ)の長子真夏より出る。その孫家宗(いえむね)が山城国(やましろのくに)宇治郡日野（京都市伏見(ふしみ)区）に法界寺(ほうかいじ)を創立、さらにそれから5世後の資業(すけなり)が11世紀なかばに法界寺薬師堂を建立し、以後日野氏を称する。儒学と文章を家道として朝廷に仕え、大学頭(だいがくのかみ)に任ぜられることが多かった。鎌倉末から南北朝内乱期にかけては、後醍醐天皇(ごだいごてんのう)の討幕計画に参画し、のちに処刑された資朝(すけとも)、俊基(としもと)がよく知られているが、他方で北朝に仕え室町幕府の創設に尽力した者もいる。室町時代には時光(ときみつ)の女(むすめ)業子(なりこ)が足利義満(あしかがよしみつ)に嫁いで以来、代々足利将軍家と縁戚(えんせき)を結ぶようになり大きな権勢を振るうようになる。「万人恐怖」といわれた足利義教(よしのり)の時代には、その室日野重子(しげこ)の長男出産を祝って多くの公家や僧侶(そうりょ)が兄日野義資(よしすけ)のもとを訪れたが、当時義資は義教の勘気にふれ謹慎中であったため、彼を訪れた60人の公家や僧がみな処分されるという事件があった。また1443年（嘉吉3）の南朝勢力による内裏(だいり)襲撃では、それに内応したとして日野有光(ありみつ)が滅ぼされている。さらに応仁(おうにん)の乱（1467～77）前後の激動する政局のなかで、足利義政(よしまさ)室日野富子(とみこ)と兄勝光(かつみつ)の専横ぶりは、多くの史料の物語るところである。江戸時代には家禄(かろく)1153石を得、明治時代に至り伯爵を授けられた。その支族には、裏松(うらまつ)、四辻(よつつじ)、烏丸(からすまる)、柳原(やなぎはら)、竹屋(たけのや)、日野西(ひのにし)、外山(とやま)、豊岡(とよおか)、三室戸(みむろど)、北小路(きたのこうじ)、広橋(ひろはし)、勘解由小路(かげゆのこうじ)などがある。

［酒井紀美］

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