An insect of the Hymenoptera family, Cynipidae (illustration). It is a brownish wasp with a body length of 5 to 6 mm, and is found from western China to Eastern Europe. The larvae make roughly spherical galls, 15 to 20 mm in diameter, on the twigs of oak trees. These galls are called gall nuclei, and the galls made on the oak tree Quercus lusitanica var. infectoria in particular contain nearly 70% tannin. For this reason, they have long been exported to Europe from Iran, Turkey, Greece, and other countries, and have been used in the manufacture of ink, dyeing, and leather tanning. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
膜翅目タマバチ科の昆虫(イラスト)。体長5~6mmの褐色がかったハチで,中国西部から東ヨーロッパに分布する。幼虫はナラ類の小枝に直径15~20mm,ほぼ球形の虫こぶをつくる。この虫こぶは没食子(ぼつしよくし∥もつしよくし)と呼ばれ,とくにQuercus lusitanica var.infectoriaというナラにつくられた虫こぶは,タンニンを70%近くも含んでいる。このため古くから,イラン,トルコ,ギリシアなどからヨーロッパに輸出され,インキの製造,染色,皮なめしに用いられてきた。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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