A group of Neo-Malay people who live mainly in the Visayas islands of the Philippines, including Cebu, Panay, Leyte, and Samar, and from Luzon to northern Mindanao. They speak the Visayan languages, which belong to the Austronesian language family, and their population is estimated at over 20 million. The Tagalogs are slightly more dominant politically and socially. Although they are basically a homogenous group, they are divided into three main groups linguistically and culturally. (1) Cebuanos They speak Cebuano and live on Cebu, Siquijor, and Bohol. (2) Hiligaynons They speak Hiligaynon and live on Panay, western Negros, and southern Mindoro. (3) Samarans They speak Waray-waray and live on Samar, eastern Leyte, and Biliran. Their main occupation is rice cultivation through paddy field cultivation, but some also engage in fishing and commerce. Their staple foods are rice, fish, vegetables, and fruit. They have bilateral kinship and ritual kinship. They once believed in a supreme god called Laon, and animism was also prevalent, but today most have converted to Christianity. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
フィリピンのセブ島,パナイ島,レイテ島,サマル島などのビサヤ諸島を中心として,ルソン島からミンダナオ島北部にかけて居住する新マレー系住民。オーストロネシア語族に属するビサヤ諸語を話し,人口は 2000万をこえると推定される。政治的,社会的地位はタガログ族がやや優位を占めている。基本的には同質の集団であるが,言語的,文化的に三つの主要集団に分かれる。(1) セブアノ族 Cebuano セブ語を話し,セブ島,シキホール島,ボホル島などに居住。(2) ヒリガイノン族 Hiligaynon ヒリガイノン語を話し,パナイ島,ネグロス島西部,ミンドロ島南部などに居住。(3) サマル族 Samaran ワライワライ語を話し,サマル島,レイテ島東部,ビリラン島に居住。おもな生業は水田耕作による水稲栽培であるが,一部は漁労や商業にも従事している。主食は米,魚,野菜,果物。双系親族,儀礼的親族を有する。かつてはラオンと呼ぶ至上神を信仰し,アニミズムも盛んであったが,今日ではほとんどキリスト教に改宗している。
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