Iwatsuki Domain

This Fudai clan had its headquarters in Iwatsuki, Musashi Province (Iwatsuki Ward, Saitama City, Saitama Prefecture). Successive Fudai daimyo were stationed there as the clan's guardians in Edo. The origins of this clan date back to 1590 (Tensho 18), when the Tokugawa entered the Kanto region and Takachika Kiyonaga was given 20,000 koku of land in Iwatsuki Castle, which had been in operation since the Sengoku period. He was also entrusted with 10,000 koku of land in Urawa. Kiyonaga worked to improve the domain, including protecting important temples, shrines and cities, and encouraging dispersed farmers to return. In 1619 (Genwa 5), ​​under his grandson Tadafusa, the domain was transferred to Hamamatsu in Enshu (Shizuoka Prefecture). At one time, Kutsuki Naizensho and Shinjo Suruga no Kami were guardians of the castle, and the following year, Aoyama Tadatoshi was given 45,000 koku, but in 1623, due to an infringement of the name of Tokugawa Iemitsu, he was transferred to Otaki Castle in Kazusa (Chiba Prefecture). In the same year, Abe Masatsugu was given 56,000 koku, and this continued for 58 years, with Shigetsugu, Sadataka, Masaharu, and Masakuni. During this time, the stipends were increased, reaching 115,000 koku under Masaharu (a disciple of Sadataka and former lord of Otaki Shinden Domain). In 1681 (Tenwa 1), Masakuni was transferred to Miyazu in Tango (Kyoto Prefecture) with 99,000 koku. Next, Nishinomaru Senior Councilor Itakura Shigetane entered the castle with a stipend of 60,000 koku, but the following year, Senior Councilor Toda Tadamasa entered with a stipend of 51,000 koku, and in 1582 (Jokyo 3), Matsudaira (Fujii) Tadachika entered with a stipend of 48,000 koku. From 1597 (Genroku 10), Senior Councilor Ogasawara Nagashige and his son Nagahiro entered with a stipend of 60,000 koku (50,000 koku at the time of entering), and from 1711 (Shotoku 1), three generations of Nagai Naohiro, Naohira, and Naonobu entered the castle with stipends of 32,000 koku. Due to the nature of the domain as a place where important positions in the shogunate were based in Edo, the lord of the domain changed frequently. In 1756 (6th year of the Horeki era), Ooka Tadamitsu was granted a fief of 20,000 koku. The fief remained in place for 115 years over eight generations until the abolition of the domain. During the time of the fifth lord, Tadamasa, a retainer, Kodama Nanka, opened a private school called Senkyokan, which later became a domain school. In 1843 (14th Tenpo era) during the time of the sixth lord, Tadakata, the domain served as a lodging house for Ieyoshi on his pilgrimage to Nikko, and in 1845 (2nd year of the Koka era) he was awarded an additional 3,000 koku for his contribution to the restoration of Edo Castle. During the late Edo period, the domain had 281 retainers, and over 100 foot soldiers. In 1868 (1st year of the Meiji era), the domain surrendered to the Imperial army, and in 1871 the domain was abolished, becoming Iwatsuki Prefecture and being integrated into Saitama Prefecture.

[Susumu Ohmura]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

武蔵(むさし)国岩槻（埼玉県さいたま市岩槻区）に藩庁を置いた譜代(ふだい)藩。江戸の藩屏(はんぺい)として歴代譜代大名が配された。1590年（天正18）徳川氏関東入国後、高力清長(こうりききよなが)が戦国期以来の岩槻城に2万石で入封したのが当藩のおこりである。また浦和領1万石を預かる。清長は有力寺社や市(いち)の保護、離散農民の帰住奨励など領内の整備に努める。孫忠房(ただふさ)のとき1619年（元和5）遠州（静岡県）浜松に転封。一時朽木内膳正(くつきないぜんのしょう)、新庄駿河守(しんじょうするがのかみ)が番城、翌20年青山忠俊(ただとし)が4万5000石で入封したが、徳川家光(いえみつ)の忌諱(きき)に触れ23年上総(かずさ)（千葉県）大多喜(おおたき)城に移封。かわって同年阿部正次(まさつぐ)が5万6000石で入封、重次、定高、正春、正邦(まさくに)と5代58年間続いた。この間加増分知があり、正春（定高弟、前大多喜新田藩主）のときには11万5000石に達した。正邦は1681年（天和1）丹後(たんご)（京都府）宮津(みやづ)9万9000石に転封。ついで西の丸老中板倉重種(しげたね)が6万石で入城したが、翌82年には老中戸田忠昌(とだただまさ)が5万1000石で、86年（貞享3）松平（藤井）忠周(ただちか)が4万8000石で入封し、さらに97年（元禄10）以降老中小笠原長重(おがさわらながしげ)・長煕(ながひろ)父子が6万石（入封時5万石）、1711年（正徳1）以降永井直敬(なおひろ)、尚平(なおひら)、直陳(なおのぶ)の3代が3万2000石で在城するなど、幕閣要職の江戸定府(じょうふ)の藩としての性格上、藩主交替が頻繁であった。1756年（宝暦6）大岡忠光(ただみつ)が2万石で入封。以後廃藩まで8代115年間在封した。5代忠正のとき、家臣児玉南柯(こだまなんか)が家塾遷喬館(せんきょうかん)を開き、のち藩校となる。6代忠固(ただかた)の1843年（天保14）家慶(いえよし)日光社参の宿館を勤め、45年（弘化2）江戸城復旧の功により3000石加増、幕末期の家臣は281人、ほかに足軽など100人余。1868年（明治1）官軍に帰順、71年廃藩、岩槻県となり埼玉県に統合された。

［大村　進］

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