Born: February 5, 1914 in St. Louis, Missouri [Died] August 2, 1997. Lawrence, Kansas. American novelist. Full name: William Seward Burroughs. He grew up in a privileged environment as the grandson of the founder of the computer manufacturer Burroughs (→Unisys). After graduating from Harvard University in 1936, he wandered Europe, and after returning to Japan, he changed jobs several times. In 1943, he moved to New York and met two representative writers of the Beat Generation, Jack Kerouac and Allen Ginsberg. Around 1944, he became addicted to heroin. In 1953, under the pen name William Lee, he published his first novel, "Junkie: Confessions of an Unredeemed Drug Addict" (republished as Junky in 1977), which depicts the life of a drug addict, and in 1959, he published The Naked Lunch (Naked Lunch in the United States (1962); made into a film by David Cronenberg in 1991) in Paris. Burroughs' experimental novels, which conjure up nightmarish and sometimes humorous worlds in a deliberately eccentric style, combined with his openness in discussing his homosexual sexual orientation and his experiences with drug addiction, helped him to gain a certain following among Beat writers. His other works include The Soft Machine (1961), The Wild Boys (1971), Exterminator! (1973), The Western Lands (1987), and My Education: A Book of Dreams (1995). Burrows |
[生]1914.2.5. ミズーリ,セントルイス [没]1997.8.2. カンザス,ロレンス アメリカ合衆国の小説家。フルネーム William Seward Burroughs。計算機メーカー,バローズ(→ユニシス)の創業者の孫として恵まれた環境で育ったが,1936年ハーバード大学卒業後ヨーロッパを放浪,帰国後職を転々とした。1943年ニューヨークに移り住み,ビート・ジェネレーションを代表する二人の作家ジャック・ケルアック,アレン・ギンズバーグと知り合う。1944年頃からヘロイン中毒になる。1953年ウィリアム・リー William Leeの筆名で麻薬中毒者の生活を描いた第一作 "Junkie: Confessions of an Unredeemed Drug Addict"(1977『ジャンキー』Junkyとして再発行)を発表し,1959年には『裸のランチ』The Naked Lunch(アメリカ国内では Naked Lunch〈1962〉。1991デービッド・クローネンバーグ監督で映画化)をパリで出版した。意図的に風変わりに仕上げた文体のなかに悪夢のような,そしてときにはユーモアのある世界を呼び起こす実験的な小説は,バローズの同性愛者としての性的志向や,薬物依存の経験を語る際の率直さとあいまって,ビート作家のなかで一定の信奉者を獲得する要因となった。そのほかの作品に『ソフトマシーン』The Soft Machine(1961),『猛者(ワイルド・ボーイズ)―死者の書』The Wild Boys(1971),『おぼえていないときもある』Exterminator!(1973),『ウエスタン・ランド』The Western Lands(1987),『夢の書―わが教育』My Education: A Book of Dreams(1995)などがある。 バローズ
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