Harmonium

Japanese: ハルモニウム
Harmonium
A keyboard instrument that produces sound by blowing air into a metallic reed. It is also called a harmonium. One or more reeds are used for each note, and some models have a lever that allows the selection of the reed series (stops). It was invented by the Frenchman A.F. Debin in 1840 and became popular as a portable organ. Air is blown by foot-operated bellows operated by the player with both feet. There are two types: one in which air is blown into the reed from a bellows connected to a pedal, and one in which air is sucked into the bellows via the reed. In Japan, the latter type is widely used in homes and schools under the name "reed organ" or simply "organ." Note that the accordion and bandoneon, which have similar sound-producing mechanisms, are generally not included in this category because they are played in different ways and have different shapes.
→ Related items Musical instruments | Qawwali | Tamboura | Harmonica

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:
金属性のリードを発音体として,送風によって発音する鍵盤(けんばん)楽器。ハーモニウムともいう。各音について1個以上のリードが使われ,レバーによってリードの系列(ストップ)を選べるようにしたものもある。1840年フランスのA.F.ドバンによって考案され,軽便なオルガンとして普及。奏者が両足で操作する足踏式ふいごで送風されるが,ペダルに連結したふいごから空気をリードに送る方式と,リードを経由してふいご内へ空気を吸い込む方式の2種がある。日本では後者が,〈リード・オルガン〉,あるいは単に〈オルガン〉の名で家庭や学校に広く普及した。なお,同様の発音機構を備えたアコーディオンやバンドネオンは,演奏法と形態が異なるため一般にこの中には含まれない。
→関連項目楽器|カッワーリー|タンブーラ|ハーモニカ

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