Balfour

Japanese: バルフォア

British Prime Minister. Entered the House of Commons in 1874, and served as Home Secretary, Secretary of State for Scotland, and Secretary of State for Ireland in two cabinets under his uncle Salisbury. He rose to prominence as Conservative Leader of the House of Commons (1891-1892, 1895-1902). After Salisbury's retirement in 1902, he became Prime Minister (-1905). Under his administration, he passed the Education Act and the Irish Land Purchase Act, and in 1904 concluded the Entente Cordiale, overturning the isolationist policy that had existed until then. He resigned after cabinet disunity was caused by Colonial Secretary J. Chamberlain's ideas on tariff reform. During World War I, he served in the coalition cabinet as First Minister for the Sea (1915-1916) and Foreign Secretary (1916-1919). When the United States entered the war in 1917, he was the head of the American mission, and issued the Balfour Declaration, which recognized the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine. He attended the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 as one of the plenipotentiaries. He was President of the Privy Council (1919-1922, 1925-1929). During this time he was also plenipotentiary at the Washington Conference, and submitted a report to the Imperial Council stipulating equal relations between the UK and the Dominions, which was codified in the Statute of Westminster in 1931, the year after his death.

Balfour

British zoologist. He studied at Cambridge University and studied shark development at the Naples Marine Laboratory and other institutions. He is known for his book Comparative Embryology (1880-1881), which summarized the achievements of embryology from the perspective of comparative development. He died in a fall while climbing in the Alps.
→ Related article: Yoshikichi Mitsukuri

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

英国の首相。1874年下院に入り，伯父ソールズベリーの２度の内閣において内相，スコットランド担当相，アイルランド担当相を務め，保守党下院院内総務（1891年−1892年，1895年−1902年）として頭角を現し，1902年ソールズベリーの引退後，首相となる（−1905年）。その政権のもとで教育法，アイルランド土地購入法を成立させ，また1904年英仏協商を結んでそれまでの孤立政策を転換させた。植民相J.チェンバレンの関税改革論のために閣内不統一をきたして辞職。第１次大戦中は連立内閣に海相（1915年−1916年），外相（1916年−1919年）として入閣。1917年アメリカの参戦の際に遣米使節団長となり，またパレスティナにユダヤ人国家の建設を認める〈バルフォア宣言〉を発表。1919年パリ講和会議の全権のひとりとして出席。枢密院議長（1919年−1922年，1925年−1929年）。この間ワシントン会議の全権となり，また本国と自治領との対等な関係を規定した報告書を帝国会議に提出，それが死去の翌年の1931年〈ウェストミンスター憲章〉として成文化された。