An Islamic dynasty (1228-1574) in Tunisia, North Africa. The dynasty was descended from Abu Hafs (died 1176), one of the leaders of the Almohaduni movement, a religious movement that established the Almohad dynasty, and ruled Tunisia and eastern Algeria. The second sultan, Muntassir (reigned 1249-77), named himself caliph and appointed successor to the Abbasid dynasty. He fought many battles against European princes, including defeating the Eighth Crusade. Its capital, Tunis, became a place of reception for Muslims who fled from Spain, and prospered as a major center of literature in the Islamic world. After the 14th century, the dynasty declined, and small princes in various places gained semi-independence, and in the 16th century, it became a vassal state of the Ottoman Empire and Spain after their invasion. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
北アフリカ,チュニジアのイスラム王朝 (1228~1574) 。ムワッヒド朝をつくった宗教運動であるムワッヒドゥーン運動の指導者の一人,アブー・ハフス (1176没) の流れをくむ王朝で,チュニジアと東部アルジェリアを支配した。第2代スルタン,ムンタシル (在位 1249~77) はカリフと称してアッバース朝の後継者をもって任じ,第8回十字軍を撃退したのをはじめ,ヨーロッパの君侯とも大いに戦った。その首都チュニスは,スペインから亡命したイスラム教徒の受入れ地となり,イスラム世界の文芸の一大中心地として繁栄を誇った。 14世紀以後は衰え,各地で小君主がなかば独立し,16世紀にはオスマン帝国やスペインの侵攻を受けて,その属国となった。
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