A branch of Shiite Islam founded by Sayyid Ali Muhammad of Shiraz in the mid-19th century. In 1844, Sayyid Ali Muhammad called himself the Báb and formed a sect that was welcomed by the people who were eagerly waiting for the appearance of a savior. The Bábism doctrine combined free-thinking doctrine with Gnostic elements, but after announcing the end of the religion of the Prophet Muhammad, it was persecuted by the authorities, its leader was executed in 1950, and its followers went underground or fled the country. The sect later split into two, of which the one called Baha'i is still active today as a new religion. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
19世紀中頃シーラーズのサイイド・アリー・ムハンマドによって創始されたイスラム教シーア派の一分派。サイイド・アリー・ムハンマドは 1844年自己がバーブであると称し,救世主の出現を待望していた民衆の歓迎を得て一派を形成した。バーブ教の教理は自由思想的教義とグノーシス的要素を結合したものであったが,預言者ムハンマドの宗教の終りを告げたところから,当局の迫害を受け,教主は 50年処刑され,教徒は地下にもぐるか国外へ出た。この派はのちに2派に分れ,そのうちバハーイ教と呼ばれる一派は現在も新興宗教として活動している。
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