Hattori

One of the tomobe (class of shinbe) in the pre-Taika period. A class that specialized in weaving. An abbreviation of "hataoribe". They were widely distributed throughout the country, and in each region they were led by a chieftain with a surname such as muraji, obito, or miyatsuko, called a tomo no miyatsuko, but the Hattori no muraji was a higher-ranking tomo no miyatsuko who was centrally in charge of unifying and governing these. The Hattori offered products that met the general needs of the Imperial Court, but there were also Kanhatoribe and Tono Hattori who met specific needs. The Ise no Kami Hattori prepared autumn and winter sacred clothing to be dedicated to the shrine. Since the Hattori no muraji were from the Kamibe clan, it is assumed that the Hattori technique was unique to Japan, but since the Kure Hattori were of immigrant origin as their name suggests, their technique would likely have been from the continent. Some Hattori members continued to be detained even after the Taika era and served in the Oribe Office of the Ministry of Finance.

[Hiromichi Mayuzumi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

大化前代の品部(ともべ)の一つ。機織(はたおり)を専業とした部。「はたおりべ」の約。全国的に広く分布し、各地域ごとに連(むらじ)、首(おびと)、造(みやつこ)などの姓(かばね)を有する首長すなわち伴造(とものみやつこ)に率いられたが、これらをさらに中央にあって一元的に統率支配する上級の伴造が服部連であった。服部は朝廷の一般的需要に応ずる製品を貢納したが、そのほか特定の用途に応ずるものとして神服部(かんはとりべ)、殿(との)服部などがあった。伊勢(いせ)の神服部は神宮に奉納する秋冬の神衣(かんみそ)を調製した。服部連が神別氏であることから、服部の技術は日本固有のものと推測されるが、呉(くれ)服部は名のごとく渡来系なので、その技術も大陸のそれであろう。服部の一部は大化以後も拘束され大蔵省織部司(おりべのつかさ)に勤仕した。

［黛　弘道］

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