Patterson, John Henry

Japanese: パターソン（英語表記）Patterson, John Henry
Patterson, John Henry
Born December 13, 1844, near Dayton, Ohio
Died May 7, 1922. American manufacturer near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He began his career as a toll collector on the Miami-Erie Canal in Dayton, southwest Ohio, and later went into the coal sales business with his brother. Believing that the lack of profits was due to salesmen skimming off the sales, he purchased three cash registers invented by James Ritty in 1879. When the store started to turn a profit, he bought Ritty's company and renamed it National Cash Registers (→NCR). Soon after its invention, he improved the usability of the cash register, which was not yet widespread on the market, and he assigned each salesman to a district, established a school for sales training for the first time in history, and devised innovative marketing methods such as direct mail advertising, which he actively deployed to promote sales (→Marketing). He also tried to improve the working environment by establishing a welfare system to improve the quality of his products, but in return he demanded absolute dedication and high productivity from his employees. He gained national recognition after spearheading relief efforts during the 1913 Dayton Flood, raising $2 million for flood control.

Patterson
Patterson, Floyd

Born January 4, 1935 in Waco, North Carolina
[Died] May 11, 2006. New Paltz, New York. American professional boxer. Grew up in Brooklyn and learned boxing. Trained under Constantin (Cus) D'Amato, who later trained Mike Tyson, and won the New York Golden Gloves title in 1951 and 1952. Won the middleweight gold medal at the 1952 Helsinki Olympic Games. At about 84kg, he was light for a heavyweight and had a short reach. In 1956, he won the heavyweight title, becoming the youngest world champion at the time. After defending the title four times, he lost by knockout to Ingemar Johansson in 1959, but regained the title the following year in 1960 with a knockout victory over Johansson. He achieved the feat of being the first man in history to win the world heavyweight title twice. He retired in 1972. His career record was 55 wins in 64 fights, with 40 KOs. Inducted into the Boxing Hall of Fame in 1991.

Patterson
Paterson, William

Born: April 1658, Tenward, Dumfries
[Died] January 22, 1719.
British businessman and founder of the Bank of England. Born in Scotland, he moved to London and made his fortune through trade, becoming an influential figure in London as a member of the Merchant Tailors' Company. In 1691, he proposed the establishment of the Bank of England, and when it was realized in 1694, he became a director, but resigned the following year due to differences of opinion with his colleagues about the nature of the bank. He then proposed the Darien Plan in Panama, which he managed to realize, but was fired from his job due to suspicions from his colleagues, and went there in his personal capacity in 1698. However, he lost his wife and child there, and his business also failed, so he returned to Japan the following year. He then worked hard on the establishment of a national bond system and the union of England and Scotland.

Patterson
Paterson

A city in northeastern New Jersey, USA. It is located on the Passaic River, about 27 km northwest of New York. The cotton industry, which arose using the water power of the 21-meter waterfall on the Passaic River, was followed by the development of locomotive manufacturing and machinery industries. Based on this, the cotton and dyeing industries developed from the 1840s onwards, and it became the largest cotton manufacturing city in the country. After World War II, various industries such as textiles, machinery, and chemicals developed. It is also the center of wholesale and retail businesses in the surrounding area. It is home to the Paterson Museum, known for its collection of Native American artifacts, and in 1976 the falls were selected as one of America's historic landscapes. Population: 146,199 (2010).

Patterson
Paterson, William

Born: December 24, 1745 in Antrim, Ireland
Died: September 9, 1806, Albany, New York. American lawyer and politician. Practiced law from 1769. Served as Attorney General of New Jersey from 1876 to 1883. In 1887, he represented New Jersey at the Constitutional Convention and proposed the so-called "New Jersey Plan," which represented the views of small states. He later served as a U.S. Senator from 1889 to 1890, Governor of New Jersey from 1890 to 1893, and an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court from 1893 to 1806.

Patterson
Paterson, Andrew Barton

Born 17 February 1864, Narranburra, New South Wales
[Died] February 5, 1941. Sydney. Australian poet. He also wrote novels, but is best known for his folk songs, earning him the nickname "Banjo Paterson." His most famous work, Waltzing Matilda (1917), is often sung as the national anthem. His collection of poems includes The Man from Snowy River (1895).

Patterson
Patterson, Joseph Medill

Born January 6, 1879 in Chicago
[Died] May 26, 1946. New York. American journalist and publisher. He edited the Chicago Tribune from 1901 to 1905 and from 1914 to 1925, and was a correspondent during World War I. In 1919, he founded the New York Daily News.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1844.12.13. オハイオ，デートン近郊
[没]1922.5.7. ペンシルバニア，フィラデルフィア近郊
アメリカ合衆国の製造業者。オハイオ州南西部デートンでマイアミ＝エリー運河の通行料徴収係として職業人生を歩み始め，のちに弟と石炭販売事業に乗り出した。利益があがらないのは販売員が売り上げをくすねているためだと考え，ジェームズ・リッティが 1879年に発明した金銭登録機（キャッシュ・レジスタ）を 3台購入。店が黒字化するとリッティの会社を買収し，ナショナル・キャッシュ・レジスタに改称した（→NCR）。発明されて間もなく，まだ市場に普及していなかったレジスタの使い勝手を改良するとともに，販売員ひとりひとりに担当地区を設定し，史上初めて営業訓練のための学校を設立，さらにダイレクトメールを使って宣伝活動を行なうなど斬新なマーケティング手法を考案，積極的に展開して販売促進につなげた（→マーケティング）。また製品の品質向上のため，福利厚生制度を確立するなど労働環境の改善に努めたが，従業員にはその見返りとして絶対的献身と高い生産性を求めた。1913年のデートン大洪水では救援活動の先頭に立ち，水害対策のため 200万ドルの資金を集めて全米にその名を知られた。

パターソン
Patterson, Floyd

[生]1935.1.4. ノースカロライナ，ウェーコ
[没]2006.5.11. ニューヨーク，ニューパルツ
アメリカ合衆国のプロボクサー。ブルックリンで育ち，ボクシングを学んだ。のちにマイク・タイソンを育てたコンスタンティン・（カス）・ダマトのもとでトレーニングし，1951，1952年のニューヨーク・ゴールデングローブ・タイトルを獲得。1952年ヘルシンキ・オリンピック競技大会でミドル級金メダルを獲得した。体重約 84kgとヘビー級にしては軽く，リーチも短かった。1956年ヘビー級タイトルを獲得，当時史上最年少の世界王者となった。4度の防衛を経て，1959年インゲマル・ヨハンソンにノックアウト KO負けしたが，翌1960年ヨハンソンに KO勝ちして王者に復活。史上初の世界ヘビー級タイトル 2度獲得という快挙を成し遂げた。1972年に引退。通算成績は 64戦 55勝，40KO。1991年ボクシングの殿堂入り。

パターソン
Paterson， William

[生]1658.4. ダンフリース，テンウォード
[没]1719.1.22.
イギリスの実業家，イングランド銀行の創立者。スコットランド生れで，ロンドンに出て貿易により富をつくり，マーチャント・テーラーズ・カンパニーの一員としてロンドンの有力者となった。 1691年イングランド銀行設立を提案し，94年その実現をみて取締役になったが，銀行の性格について同僚と意見を異にしたため翌年辞任。次いでパナマのダリエン計画を提案し，実現にこぎつけたが，同僚らに疑われて職を追われ，98年個人の資格で同地におもむいた。しかし，妻と子を同地で失ったうえ，事業にも失敗して，翌年帰国。以後国債制度の確立，イングランドとスコットランドとの合同などに尽力した。

パターソン
Paterson

アメリカ合衆国，ニュージャージー州北東部の都市。ニューヨークの北西約 27km，パセーイク川沿岸に位置する。パセーイク川にかかる 21mの滝の水力を利用して勃興した綿工業，続いて発展した機関車製造や機械工業を基礎に，1840年代以降は綿工業および染色工業が発展し，国内最大の綿工業都市となった。第2次世界大戦後は繊維，機械，化学など各種の工業が発達した。周辺地域の卸・小売業の中心地でもある。インディアンの遺物収集で知られるパターソン博物館があり，1976年に滝はアメリカの歴史的景観の一つに選定された。人口 14万6199（2010）。

パターソン
Paterson， William

[生]1745.12.24. アイルランド，アントリム
[没]1806.9.9. ニューヨーク，オールバニ
アメリカの法律家，政治家。 1769年以降法律業を営む。 76～83年ニュージャージー邦司法長官。 87年合衆国憲法制定会議のニュージャージー代表となり，小邦の見解を代表するいわゆる「ニュージャージー案」を提案。その後 89～90年連邦上院議員，90～93年ニュージャージー州知事，93～1806年連邦最高裁判所陪席判事。

パターソン
Paterson， Andrew Barton

[生]1864.2.17. ニューサウスウェールズ，ナランブラ
[没]1941.2.5. シドニー
オーストラリアの詩人。小説も書いたが民謡でよく知られ，「バンジョー・パターソン」の異名をとる。なかでも『ウォーチング・マティルダ』 Waltzing Matilda (1917) は国歌代りによく歌われる。詩集『スノウィー川から来た男』 The Man from Snowy River (1895) など。

パターソン
Patterson， Joseph Medill

[生]1879.1.6. シカゴ
[没]1946.5.26. ニューヨーク
アメリカのジャーナリスト，出版業者。 1901～05年および 1914～25年『シカゴ・トリビューン』紙の編集に携わり，第1次世界大戦中は特派員として活躍した。 1919年に『ニューヨーク・デーリー・ニューズ』 New York Daily News紙を創刊。

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