Masanaga Hatakeyama

A military commander during the Muromachi and Sengoku periods. Son of Mochitomi. Owari no Kami, Saemon no Kami. Mochitomi's older brother, Hatakeyama Mochikuni, had no legitimate biological children, so in 1448 (Bun'an 5), Mochitomi was named the successor to the family, but shortly afterwards, he changed the name to his illegitimate son, Yoshinari. However, vassals who opposed Yoshinari's succession tried to support Mochitomi's son, Yasaburo, and when this was discovered in 1454 (Kyotoku 3), it escalated into a conflict that divided the Hatakeyama family in two. Yasaburo died of illness in 1459 (Choroku 3), so his younger brother, Jiro Masanaga, was supported in his place. With the support of Hosokawa Katsumoto and others, Masanaga inherited the family headship in September 60 and became the shugo of Kawachi, Kii and Ecchu. In 63 (Kansho 4), he captured Yoshinari, who was holed up in Kawachi Dakeyama Castle, and chased him to Yoshino in Yamato, and became kanrei in September of the following year. However, due to the machinations of Yamana Sozen, who opposed Hosokawa Katsumoto, Yoshinari, who had come to Kyoto from Kawachi in December 66 (Bunsho 1), was pardoned. In January 67, Masanaga was dismissed from kanrei, burned down his own house, set up camp at Kamigoryosha Shrine, and fought Yoshinari, which started the Onin War. Yoshinari, who had control of Minamiyamashiro, descended on Kawachi in 77 (Bunmei 9) and effectively seized control of the area. Masanaga became Yamashiro Shugo the following year and fought at Minamiyamashiro in 84 and 85, but was forced to withdraw his troops when an uprising in Yamashiro Province broke out. In the year 93 (Meiō 2), Masanaga marched to Kawachi together with Shogun Ashikaga Yoshiki (Yoshitane) to campaign against Motoie, the eldest son of the deceased Yoshinari, but he was caught up in a coup d'état by Hosokawa Masamoto, who made Kogonin Seikō (who had changed his name to Yoshito, Yoshitaka, and Yoshizumi) the Shogun. As a result, Motoie was pardoned and Masanaga was put on the offensive, but he was attacked by Masamoto's army. After forcing his eldest son Hisanobu to flee to Kii, he committed suicide on April 25th (leap year) at Shogakuji Castle in Kawachi together with most of his vassals. He was called Shosen'in.

[Haruo Ishida]

"History of Osaka Prefecture, Volume 4" (1981, Osaka Prefecture) "History of Toyama Prefecture, General History, Volume 2" (1984, Toyama Prefecture)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

室町・戦国期の武将。持富(もちとみ)の子。尾張守(おわりのかみ)、左衛門督(さえもんのかみ)。持富の兄畠山持国(もちくに)には嫡出の実子がなく、そのため1448年（文安5）にいったんは持富を家督後継者としたが、直後に庶出の子義就(よしなり)に改めた。しかし、義就の継承に反対する被官衆は持富の子弥三郎を擁立しようとし、それが54年（享徳3）に発覚すると、畠山家を二分する抗争に発展した。弥三郎は59年（長禄3）に病死したため、かわって擁立されたのが弟の次郎政長である。政長は60年9月に細川勝元(ほそかわかつもと)らの援助により家督を相続して、河内(かわち)・紀伊(きい)・越中(えっちゅう)守護となり、河内嶽山(だけやま)城に籠城(ろうじょう)した義就を63年（寛正4）に攻め落として大和(やまと)の吉野に追い、翌年9月に管領(かんれい)に就任した。しかし、細川勝元と対抗する山名宗全(やまなそうぜん)の画策により、66年（文正1）12月河内より上洛(じょうらく)した義就が赦免され、67年正月に管領を罷免された政長は、自邸を焼き上御霊社(かみごりょうしゃ)に陣し、義就と戦闘となり、ここに応仁(おうにん)の乱が始まった。南山城(みなみやましろ)を掌握していた義就は77年（文明9）に河内に下向し、河内の実質的支配権を奪った。政長は翌年山城守護となり、84、85年に南山城で対陣したが、山城国一揆(いっき)の成立により撤兵を余儀なくされた。93年（明応2）、将軍足利義材(あしかがよしき)（義稙(よしたね)）とともに政長は、死去した義就の嫡子基家(もといえ)の征伐に河内に出陣したが、細川政元(まさもと)による香厳院清晃(こうごんいんせいこう)（義遐(よしとお)・義高(よしたか)・義澄(よしずみ)と改名）の将軍嗣立(しりつ)の政変にあい、ために基家赦免、政長征伐となり、政元軍に攻められ、嫡子尚順(ひさのぶ)を紀伊に逃した後、閏(うるう)4月25日に河内正覚寺(しょうがくじ)城でおもだった被官衆とともに自害した。勝仙院(しょうせんいん)と号す。

［石田晴男］

『『大阪府史　第4巻』（1981・大阪府）』▽『『富山県史　通史篇Ⅱ』（1984・富山県）』

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