Born: December 4, 1908 in Owosso, Michigan [Died] May 22, 1997. New York American geneticist. Graduated from Michigan State University. Conducted research at the University of Washington from 1934, then moved to the Carnegie Institution for Biology (1950), where he became director of the Genetics Research Department (62). Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences. Around 1940, he formed a group to study phage with M. Delbrück and S. Luria. In 1945, independently of Luria, he discovered that mutations occur in both phages and hosts. In 1946, independently of Delbrück, he demonstrated that genetic recombination occurs in phages. In 1952, in collaboration with M. Chase, he demonstrated that of the proteins and deoxyribonucleic acid DNA that make up the body of phages, it is the DNA that invades bacteria, suggesting that the true nature of genes is DNA. In 1969, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine along with Delbrück and Luria for his series of studies on phages. Hershey |
[生]1908.12.4. ミシガン,オウォッソ [没]1997.5.22. ニューヨーク アメリカの遺伝学者。ミシガン州立大学卒業。 1934年よりワシントン大学で研究,カーネギー研究所に移り (1950) ,同研究所遺伝研究部長 (62) 。アメリカ芸術科学アカデミー会員,アメリカ科学アカデミー会員。 40年頃,M.デルブリュック,S.ルリアらとともにファージ研究のグループを結成。 45年ルリアとは独立にファージと宿主の両方に突然変異の起ることを発見。 46年にはデルブリュックとは独立にファージに遺伝的組換えの起ることを証明。 52年,M.チェイスとの共同研究で,ファージの体を構成している蛋白質とデオキシリボ核酸 DNAのうち,細菌の中に侵入するのは DNAのほうであることを明らかにし,遺伝子の実体は DNAであろうと示唆した。 69年ファージに関する一連の研究に対し,デルブリュック,ルリアとともにノーベル生理学・医学賞を与えられた。 ハーシー
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