Hershey, Alfred Day

Japanese: ハーシー(英語表記)Hershey, Alfred Day
Hershey, Alfred Day
Born: December 4, 1908 in Owosso, Michigan
[Died] May 22, 1997. New York American geneticist. Graduated from Michigan State University. Conducted research at the University of Washington from 1934, then moved to the Carnegie Institution for Biology (1950), where he became director of the Genetics Research Department (62). Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences. Around 1940, he formed a group to study phage with M. Delbrück and S. Luria. In 1945, independently of Luria, he discovered that mutations occur in both phages and hosts. In 1946, independently of Delbrück, he demonstrated that genetic recombination occurs in phages. In 1952, in collaboration with M. Chase, he demonstrated that of the proteins and deoxyribonucleic acid DNA that make up the body of phages, it is the DNA that invades bacteria, suggesting that the true nature of genes is DNA. In 1969, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine along with Delbrück and Luria for his series of studies on phages.

Hershey
Hersey, John Richard

Born: June 17, 1914 in Tianjin
[Died] March 25, 1993. Key West, Florida. American novelist and journalist. Born in China, his father worked for the YMCA, and returned to Japan at the age of 10. After graduating from Yale University, he spent about 10 years in China, Japan, the South Pacific, and other places as a war correspondent for Time-Life from 1937. He wrote such non-fiction works as Men on Bataan (1942), Into the Valley (43), a chronicle of the Guadalcanal War, and Hiroshima (46), which covered the atomic bombing of Hiroshima. He also wrote novels such as A Bell for Adano (44, Pulitzer Prize), The Wall (50), Under the Eye of the Storm (67), and Conspiracy (72).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1908.12.4. ミシガン,オウォッソ
[没]1997.5.22. ニューヨーク
アメリカの遺伝学者。ミシガン州立大学卒業。 1934年よりワシントン大学で研究,カーネギー研究所に移り (1950) ,同研究所遺伝研究部長 (62) 。アメリカ芸術科学アカデミー会員,アメリカ科学アカデミー会員。 40年頃,M.デルブリュック,S.ルリアらとともにファージ研究のグループを結成。 45年ルリアとは独立にファージと宿主の両方に突然変異の起ることを発見。 46年にはデルブリュックとは独立にファージに遺伝的組換えの起ることを証明。 52年,M.チェイスとの共同研究で,ファージの体を構成している蛋白質とデオキシリボ核酸 DNAのうち,細菌の中に侵入するのは DNAのほうであることを明らかにし,遺伝子の実体は DNAであろうと示唆した。 69年ファージに関する一連の研究に対し,デルブリュック,ルリアとともにノーベル生理学・医学賞を与えられた。

ハーシー
Hersey, John Richard

[生]1914.6.17. 天津
[没]1993.3.25. フロリダ,キーウェスト
アメリカの小説家,ジャーナリスト。 YMCAの仕事をしていた父親の関係で中国で生れ,10歳のとき帰国。エール大学卒業後,1937年から約 10年間タイム・ライフの従軍記者として,中国,日本,南太平洋などに滞在。その経験を生かした『バターンの兵士たち』 Men on Bataan (1942) ,ガダルカナル戦記『谷間へ』 Into the Valley (43) ,原爆投下に取材した『ヒロシマ』 Hiroshima (46) などのノンフィクションのほか,『アダノの鐘』A Bell for Adano (44,ピュリッツァー賞) ,『壁』 The Wall (50) ,『嵐の目』 Under the Eye of the Storm (67) ,『陰謀』 Conspiracy (72) などの小説がある。

出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報

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