Mei Lan-fang (English spelling)

Japanese: 梅蘭芳 - ばいらんほう（英語表記）Mei Lan-fang

[Live] Guangxu 20 (1894).10.22. Jiangsu, Taizhou
[Died] August 8, 1961. A Beijing Peking Opera actor. Mei Lanfan. Her real name was Heming. Her literary name was Enhua. Both her grandfather and father were involved with Peking Opera. She began performing on stage as a child, and showed outstanding singing and acting skills. She was counted among the "Four Great Danes" as a female actor alongside Cheng Yanqiu, Xun Huisheng, and Shang Xiaoyun. During the Anti-Japanese War, she was in an area occupied by the Japanese army, but refused to cooperate. After liberation, she became vice chairman of the China Drama Association and director of the Drama Research Institute, mentoring the next generation of actors. She visited Japan three times, in 1911, 1924, and 1956, and also traveled to the United States, the Soviet Union, and other parts of the world to introduce Peking Opera. She also raised female actors to the same status as leading actors, developed historical dramas, and worked to revive Kunqu, making a great contribution to the reform and advancement of Peking Opera. Author of ``40 Years of Stage Life'' (1952), ``Journey to the East'' (57), and ``Mei Lanfang's Drama Collection'' (59).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]光緒20(1894).10.22. 江蘇，泰洲
[没]1961.8.8. 北京
京劇の俳優。メイ・ランファン。本名は鶴鳴。字はえん華。祖父，父ともに京劇関係者。幼児から舞台を踏んで抜群の歌唱，演技をみせ，女方として程硯秋，荀慧生，尚小雲と並ぶ「四大名旦」の筆頭に数えられた。抗日戦争中は日本軍の占領地区にいたが協力を拒否，解放後は中国戯劇家協会副主席，戯曲研究院院長として後進の指導にあたった。 1911，24，56年の3度にわたって来日したほか，アメリカ，ソ連など世界各地を訪れて京劇を紹介。また，女方を立役と同等の地位に引上げ，歴史劇を発展させ，崑曲の復興に努力し，京劇の改革進展に大きな業績を残した。著書『舞台生活 40年』 (1952) ，『東遊記』 (57) ，『梅蘭芳演出劇本選集』 (59) 。

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