Imari ware

Japanese: 伊万里焼 - いまりやき
Imari ware

Colored paintings and blue-and-white porcelain fired in porcelain kilns, mainly in Arita Town, Saga Prefecture. Also called Arita ware. Products from Arita kilns are called Imari ware because Imari Port was an important shipping port, and the name appeared in documents as early as 1639 (Kan'ei 16), when the kilns first opened. Local documents tell us that in 1616 (Genwa 2), at the beginning of the Edo period, a potter named Ri Sanpei (whose Japanese name was Kanegae Sanbei) who had immigrated from the Korean peninsula, discovered white porcelain ore in Izumiyama, Arita Town, and succeeded in setting up the first porcelain kiln. Surveys of old kiln sites also show that early products generally show the style of this period (blue-and-white porcelain from the late Ming Dynasty in China), and in Japan it is called old blue-and-white porcelain.

The emerging porcelain production rapidly grew into an important industry in the Hizen Nabeshima domain, but a major impetus for this development came from the large-scale purchases by the Dutch East India Company that began in 1659 (Manji 2). From then on, Imari ware became extremely popular not only in Japan but also in Western Europe.

The products started with blue and white porcelain, and around 1640, Sakaida Kakiemon developed overglaze white porcelain, known as iroe (also called akae), and these two became the pillars of Imari. They also produced celadon, tenmoku, and lapis lazuli glaze, and although their style was primarily Chinese, they also produced tea utensils and Japanese-style dishes for the domestic market. In terms of both technique and production volume, their heyday was during the Genroku period from 1690 to 1700, after which Imari Kinrande, which added gold to overglaze porcelain, appeared and became all the rage, and the style of the 17th century completely went out of fashion. It is highly likely that the old Kutani style overglaze porcelain, commonly known as the product of the Kutani kiln in Ishikawa Prefecture, was also produced at the Arita kiln in the second half of the 17th century.

In the Meiji era, the Arita kilns left the control of the Nabeshima clan, but continued to make a lot of money from exports. Even today, the kilns produce a combination of mass-produced porcelain by factories and artistic porcelain by craft artists.

[Yoshiaki Yabe]

"Complete Collection of Japanese Ceramics 23 Old Imari" edited by Hiroko Nishida (1976, Chuokoron-Shinsha)

Imari ware
©Saga Prefecture Tourism Federation ">

Imari ware


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

佐賀県有田町を中心とする磁器窯で焼かれた色絵、染付(そめつけ)など。有田焼ともいう。有田窯の製品を伊万里焼と称するのは伊万里津が重要な積出し港であったからと思われ、開窯当初の1639年(寛永16)にはすでに文献にその名が現れる。地元の文献では江戸初頭の1616年(元和2)に朝鮮半島から帰化した陶工の李参平(りさんぺい)(和名は金ヶ江三兵衛)は有田町泉山に白磁鉱を発見し、初めて磁器窯をおこすことに成功したと伝える。古窯址(し)調査からも初期の製品はおおむねこの時期の様式(中国明(みん)代末期の染付磁器)を示しており、わが国では古染付とよばれている。

 新興の磁器生産は肥前鍋島(ひぜんなべしま)藩の重要産業に急成長していくが、その発展に一大契機を与えたのは1659年(万治2)に始まるオランダ東印度会社の大量買付けであり、以後、伊万里焼は国内はもとより西欧でも大好評を博することになった。

 その製品は染付に始まり、1640年ころには酒井田柿右衛門(かきえもん)が上絵付された白磁、いわゆる色絵(赤絵ともいう)を開発し、この二つが伊万里の支柱となった。ほかに青磁、天目(てんもく)、瑠璃釉(るりゆう)をも焼き、その作風の基本は中国風であったが、ほかに国内向けの茶道具や和様の器皿も焼いている。技術的にも生産量においても、最盛期は1690年から1700年にかかる元禄(げんろく)時代であり、その後は色絵に金彩を加えた伊万里金襴手(きんらんで)が登場して一世を風靡(ふうび)することとなり、17世紀の作風はすっかり下火になってしまった。世に石川県九谷(くたに)窯の製品とよばれる古九谷様式の色絵も、17世紀後半における有田窯の産である可能性がきわめて濃厚である。

 明治時代に入ると有田窯は鍋島藩の支配を離れたが、引き続き海外輸出物で大いに潤った。現在でも工場による量産品と、工芸作家による工芸美術としての磁器とがあわせて焼造されている。

[矢部良明]

『西田宏子編『日本陶磁全集23 古伊万里』(1976・中央公論社)』

伊万里焼
©一般社団法人佐賀県観光連盟">

伊万里焼


出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

<<:  Imi - Imi

>>:  Imari [city] - Imari

Recommend

Abidum - Abidon

Please see the "Abhidharma" page. Sourc...

Hugues Capet

938-996 Founder of the Capetian dynasty, King of F...

Hired bus service - Kashikiri Bus (English name)

A bus that charters transportation by vehicle acco...

Notebook - techo

A small booklet for recording memories. In today&...

Kunio Oka

1890-1971 A science historian from the Showa peri...

Mazar-i Sharif

The largest city in the Afghan Turkestan region in...

Yongle coins

A Chinese currency, Yongle Tongbao. A copper coin...

Hanasaki crab - Hanasaki crab

A marine animal belonging to the order Decapoda, ...

Mr. Choja - Uji no Choja

The leader or head of a clan. Before the Nara per...

New moon - Shingetsu

〘Noun〙① = saku (new moon)④② New moon (saku) ④ The ...

Cabot, S.

…Navigator and cartographer. Italian name Giovann...

Sogen's decree - Sogen's decree

From the end of the Middle Ages to the early mode...

Gum turpentine - Gum turpentine

…Most of them are monoterpenes, but pinenes are t...

Sunomata [town] - Sunomata

A former town in Anpachi County in the southwest o...

Aino

〘Noun〙 (aynu meaning "person") An old wa...