Noro Eitaro

A communist, he was one of the pioneers of research into the development history of Japanese capitalism from a Marxist perspective. Born in Hokkaido on April 30, 1900. He participated in student and labor education movements while studying at Keio University. After graduating, he worked at the Industrial and Labor Research Institute, analyzing the current state of politics and economics in Japan and the world, and researching the development history of Japanese capitalism, and harshly criticized the theories of Japanese capitalism such as those by Inomata Tsunao. From 1931 (Showa 6), he planned and was the central editor of the "Lectures on the Development History of Japanese Capitalism" (1932-33), but his own essays planned for this "Lectures" never ended up being written. After the central branch of the Japanese Communist Party was almost completely wiped out in a mass arrest in October 1957, he went underground with the aim of rebuilding the party's central branch, even though he had a prosthetic leg due to an illness he had had since elementary school and was suffering from severe pulmonary tuberculosis. He went underground and, under difficult circumstances when the prisoned top leaders Sano Manabu and Nabeyama Sadachika issued statements of defection (June 1933), worked to rebuild the party's central core and publish its organ, Sekki. However, he was arrested on November 28, 1933, and died in prison at Shinagawa Police Station in Tokyo on February 19, 1934. He was only 33 years old. His only published work during his lifetime was A History of the Development of Capitalism in Japan (1930), but this book laid the foundation for the theory of the Lecture School and had an enormous influence on subsequent discussion of Japanese capitalism.

[Harunari Yamazaki]

"The Complete Works of Noro Eitaro, 2 volumes (1965, 67, Shinnihon Shuppansha)" ▽ "Memories of Noro Eitaro, by Shiozawa Fumiko (1976, Shinnihon Shuppansha)" ▽ "Together with Noro Eitaro, by Shiozawa Fumiko (1986, Miraisha)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

共産主義者。マルクス主義の立場からの日本資本主義発達史研究の開拓者の1人。明治33年4月30日北海道生まれ。慶応義塾大学在学中から学生運動、労働者教育運動に参加。卒業後は産業労働調査所で、日本および世界の政治・経済の現状分析および日本資本主義発達史研究に従事し、猪俣津南雄(いのまたつなお)などの日本資本主義論に厳しい批判を行った。1931年（昭和6）から『日本資本主義発達史講座』（1932～33）を企画し、中心となってその編集にあたったが、この『講座』に予定された彼自身の論文は、ついに書かれることなく終わった。32年10月、日本共産党中央部が一斉検挙でほとんど壊滅したあと、彼が、片足は小学生のときの病気がもとで義足であるうえに、重い肺結核を病む身で、党中央部の再建を目ざして地下活動に入ったためであった。地下に潜行した彼は、獄中の最高幹部佐野学(まなぶ)、鍋山貞親(なべやまさだちか)が転向声明（1933年6月）を発するという困難な状況のもとで党中央部の再建と機関紙『赤旗(せっき)』の刊行に努めたが、33年11月28日に逮捕され、翌34年2月19日東京・品川署で獄死した。まだ33歳の若さであった。生前に刊行された彼の著作は『日本資本主義発達史』（1930）一冊だけだが、この一冊は講座派理論の礎石を据えたものであり、その後の日本資本主義論に多大の影響を及ぼした。

［山崎春成］

『『野呂栄太郎全集』全2冊（1965、67・新日本出版社）』▽『塩沢富美子著『野呂栄太郎の想い出』（1976・新日本出版社）』▽『塩沢富美子著『野呂栄太郎とともに』（1986・未来社）』

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