When the inflammatory exudate contains a large amount of neutrophils, it is called suppurative inflammation, but when the purulent inflammation focus spreads diffusely within an organ or tissue, it is called cellulitis, whereas when it is limited to an organ or tissue, it is called an abscess. The center of an abscess is filled with a yellowish-grayish, sticky liquid exudate containing neutrophils, that is, pus, and when this is removed, it becomes a hollow material defect. The granulation tissue surrounding the abscess is called the abscess membrane, and the path that connects the abscess to the body surface and the cavity is called a fistula. If the abscess worsens, it can cause hematogenous pyemia and multiple small abscess foci throughout the body. There is also a term called cold abscess, which refers to an accumulation of necrotic material from tuberculous lesions, and is so named because it lacks acute inflammatory symptoms such as fever and redness. In particular, in the case of bone caries, which is tuberculosis of the bone, cold abscesses are often found in areas that are between the soft tissues and are called run-off abscesses. [Yutaka Watanabe] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
炎症の滲出(しんしゅつ)物のなかに白血球の好中球が多量に含まれている場合を化膿(かのう)性炎とよぶが、化膿性炎の病巣が臓器・組織内にびまん性に広がっているものを蜂巣(ほうそう)(蜂窩(ほうか))織炎というのに対して、臓器・組織内に限局しているものを膿瘍と称する。したがって、膿瘍の中心には好中球を含む帯黄灰白色のどろどろした液状滲出物すなわち膿が充満しており、これを取り出せば空洞状の物質欠損となる。また膿瘍周囲の肉芽組織を膿瘍膜とよび、膿瘍の体表面および腔(くう)との連絡路を瘻管(ろうかん)という。さらに膿瘍が悪化すると、血行性に生じた膿血症をおこし、全身に膿瘍の小病巣を多発することになる。なお、冷膿瘍という用語があるが、これは結核病巣の壊死(えし)物質のたまったもののことで、発熱、発赤などの急性炎症症状を欠いているのでこのようによばれている。とくに骨の結核であるカリエスの場合、冷膿瘍が軟部組織の間を下にくだった場所にみられることが多く、流注膿瘍といわれる。 [渡辺 裕] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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