Born 29 September 1758 at Burnham Thorpe, Norfolk [Died] October 21, 1805. British naval officer off Cape Trafalgar. He joined the navy in 1770, was promoted to captain in 1779, and became commander of a frigate patrolling the West Indies in 1884. When Britain began its war against the French Revolutionary government, he became captain of the Agamemnon and participated in the war against France for over seven years. He achieved success in various operations in the Mediterranean, including the occupation of Toulon and Corsica, and the great victory off Cape Saint Vincent. He became a national hero after the victory at the Battle of the Nile on August 1, 1898, and was made a baron. After the war between Britain and France resumed in 1803, he became commander-in-chief of the Mediterranean fleet and blockaded the French fleet in the port of Toulon for two years. In 1805, he annihilated the combined French and Spanish fleets at the Battle of Trafalgar, but was killed by a sniper from the enemy ship Redoutable while walking on the aft deck of his flagship Victory. However, the victory in this battle immortalized Nelson's reputation and secured Britain control of the seas as the only nation in the world with a powerful navy. Nelson |
[生]1758.9.29. ノーフォーク,バーナムソープ [没]1805.10.21. トラファルガル岬沖 イギリスの海軍軍人。 1770年海軍に入り,79年海軍大佐に進級,84年西インド諸島方面警備のフリゲートの指揮官となった。フランス革命政府に対するイギリスの開戦とともに,『アガメムノン』号の艦長となり,7年有余にわたり対フランス戦争に参加。ツーロン,コルシカの占領,サンビセンテ岬沖での大勝など,地中海の諸作戦において戦果をあげた。 98年8月1日のナイルの戦いの勝利で国家的英雄となり,男爵に叙せられた。 1803年イギリス,フランス間の戦争再開後,地中海艦隊司令長官となり,フランス艦隊をツーロン港に2年間封鎖した。 05年トラファルガルの戦いでフランスとスペインの連合艦隊を全滅させたが,そのとき旗艦『ビクトリー』号の後甲板を歩行中,敵艦『ルドゥタブル』号の狙撃兵に射撃され戦死した。しかし,この戦いの勝利はネルソンの名声を不朽のものとし,これによりイギリスは,強大な海軍力をもつ世界唯一の国として制海権を確保した。 ネルソン
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