Nelson, Horatio, Viscount Nelson

Japanese: ネルソン（英語表記）Nelson， Horatio， Viscount Nelson
Nelson, Horatio, Viscount Nelson
Born 29 September 1758 at Burnham Thorpe, Norfolk
[Died] October 21, 1805. British naval officer off Cape Trafalgar. He joined the navy in 1770, was promoted to captain in 1779, and became commander of a frigate patrolling the West Indies in 1884. When Britain began its war against the French Revolutionary government, he became captain of the Agamemnon and participated in the war against France for over seven years. He achieved success in various operations in the Mediterranean, including the occupation of Toulon and Corsica, and the great victory off Cape Saint Vincent. He became a national hero after the victory at the Battle of the Nile on August 1, 1898, and was made a baron. After the war between Britain and France resumed in 1803, he became commander-in-chief of the Mediterranean fleet and blockaded the French fleet in the port of Toulon for two years. In 1805, he annihilated the combined French and Spanish fleets at the Battle of Trafalgar, but was killed by a sniper from the enemy ship Redoutable while walking on the aft deck of his flagship Victory. However, the victory in this battle immortalized Nelson's reputation and secured Britain control of the seas as the only nation in the world with a powerful navy.

Nelson
Nelson, Leonard

Born: July 11, 1882 in Berlin
[Died] October 29, 1927. Göttingen German critical philosopher and founder of the Neo-Friesian School. His main objectives were to establish a scientific foundation for philosophy through critical methods, and to systematically develop philosophical ethics and the philosophy of rights, as well as their application to education and politics, and he followed Fries' critical philosophy to achieve this. He edited the journal "Friesian Essays Continued" (1904-18). His main works include "Lectures on the Principles of Ethics" (Vorlesungen über die Grundlagen der Ethik) (17-32), "Demokratie und Führerschaft" (20), and "Progress and Regress of Philosophy; from Hume and Kant to Hegel and Fries" (Fortschritte und Rückschritte der Philosophie; von Hume und Kant bis Hegel und Fries) ...

Nelson
Nelson, Samuel

Born November 10, 1792 in Hebron, New York.
[Died] December 13, 1873. Cooperstown, New York. American lawyer. Served as a New York State Circuit Judge (1823-31), an Associate Justice of the New York State Supreme Court (31-37), and Chief Justice (37-45), before becoming an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court (45-72). He avoided bringing politics into his decisions, and in the Dred Scott decision, he opposed the argument regarding the validity of the Missouri Compromise of 1820. During the Civil War, he was a conservative Democrat who supported the Union. In 1871, he served as a joint commissioner in the resolution of the Alabama affair.

Nelson
Nelson

A city in southeastern British Columbia, Canada. It is located about 440 km east of Vancouver. The surrounding area developed after gold was discovered in 1867. In 1907, it became the first municipal hydroelectric power station in the province. It is the administrative and service center of a region dominated by agriculture, forestry, and mining, and is home to the University of Notre Dame (1950) and a vocational school. Railway repair shops, sawmills, and transportation and communication facilities are also located in the city. Population 8,760 (1991).

Nelson
Nelson

A city on Tasman Bay in the northern part of the South Island, New Zealand. It is the administrative and commercial centre of the Nelson-Marlborough region. It was founded in 1842 by the New Zealand Company. The city was named after Horatio Nelson, a British naval officer. The city has a warm climate and is a resort town. Intensive fruit and vegetable cultivation is carried out in the surrounding area, and the main industry is the processing of these agricultural products. Fishing is also thriving. Population: 46,600 (2012 estimate).

Nelson
Nelson, George

Born May 29, 1908 in Hartford, Connecticut
[Died] March 5, 1986, New York, New York American industrial designer. He studied architecture at Yale University, and later switched to interior and furniture design. He aimed to integrate architecture and industrial design. After 1947, he produced a series of furniture with simple structures at the request of the furniture company Herman Miller.

Nelson
Nelson, Thomas, Jr.

Born December 26, 1738 in Yorktown, Virginia
Died January 4, 1789 in Hanover, Virginia. American merchant and politician. One of the signers of the Declaration of Independence. Representative to the Continental Congress from 1775 to 1777. In 1781 he succeeded T. Jefferson as Governor of Virginia, and devoted his personal fortune to the cause of the American War of Independence.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1758.9.29. ノーフォーク，バーナムソープ
[没]1805.10.21. トラファルガル岬沖
イギリスの海軍軍人。 1770年海軍に入り，79年海軍大佐に進級，84年西インド諸島方面警備のフリゲートの指揮官となった。フランス革命政府に対するイギリスの開戦とともに，『アガメムノン』号の艦長となり，7年有余にわたり対フランス戦争に参加。ツーロン，コルシカの占領，サンビセンテ岬沖での大勝など，地中海の諸作戦において戦果をあげた。 98年8月1日のナイルの戦いの勝利で国家的英雄となり，男爵に叙せられた。 1803年イギリス，フランス間の戦争再開後，地中海艦隊司令長官となり，フランス艦隊をツーロン港に2年間封鎖した。 05年トラファルガルの戦いでフランスとスペインの連合艦隊を全滅させたが，そのとき旗艦『ビクトリー』号の後甲板を歩行中，敵艦『ルドゥタブル』号の狙撃兵に射撃され戦死した。しかし，この戦いの勝利はネルソンの名声を不朽のものとし，これによりイギリスは，強大な海軍力をもつ世界唯一の国として制海権を確保した。

ネルソン
Nelson， Leonard

[生]1882.7.11. ベルリン
[没]1927.10.29. ゲッティンゲン
ドイツの批判哲学者，新フリース学派創始者。批判的方法によって哲学の科学的基礎を確立し，哲学的倫理学と権利の哲学，およびそれらの教育，政治への適応を体系的に展開するのが彼の主要な課題で，そのためにフリースの批判哲学によった。雑誌『続フリース派論集』 (1904～18) を編集。主著『倫理学原理講義』 Vorlesungen über die Grundlagen der Ethik (17～32) ，『デモクラシーとリーダーシップ』 Demokratie und Führerschaft (20) ，『哲学の進歩と後退，ヒュームとカントからヘーゲルとフリースまで』 Fortschritte und Rückschritte der Philosophie; von Hume und Kant bis Hegel und Fries (62) 。

ネルソン
Nelson， Samuel

[生]1792.11.10. ニューヨーク，ヘブロン
[没]1873.12.13. ニューヨーク，クーパーズタウン
アメリカの法律家。ニューヨーク州巡回裁判所判事 (1823～31) ，同州最高裁判所准判事 (31～37) ，同長官 (37～45) を経て，連邦最高裁判所准判事 (45～72) 。判決に政治を持込むことを避け，ドレッド・スコット判決の場合にも 1820年のミズーリ妥協の有効性に関する論議に反対した。南北戦争中は連邦支持の保守派民主党員。 71年合同調査委員としてアラバマ号事件の解決にあたった。

ネルソン
Nelson

カナダ，ブリティシュコロンビア州南東部の都市。バンクーバーの東約 440kmに位置する。付近一帯は，1867年に金鉱が発見されてから発展した。 1907年には，州内で最初に市営水力発電を行なった。農林業や鉱業が卓越する地方の行政やサービスの中心地で，ノートルダム大学 (1950) や職業学校もある。鉄道修理工場，製材所，運輸・通信施設なども立地する。人口 8760 (1991) 。

ネルソン
Nelson

ニュージーランド，サウス島北部，タスマン湾に臨む都市。ネルソン・マールボロ地方の行政，商業の中心地。1842年ニュージーランド会社によって建設された。市名はイギリス海軍軍人ホレーショ・ネルソンにちなむ。気候は温暖で，保養地であるとともに，周辺では集約的な果樹，野菜の栽培が行なわれ，産業はこれらの農産物の加工が中心。漁業も盛ん。人口 4万6600（2012推計）。

ネルソン
Nelson， George

[生]1908.5.29. コネティカット，ハートフォード
[没]1986.3.5. ニューヨーク，ニューヨーク
アメリカの工業デザイナー。エール大学で建築を学び，のちに室内デザイン，家具デザインに転じた。建築と工業デザインの総合化を目指した。 1947年以後，家具会社ハーマン・ミラーの委嘱により，単純な構造による一連の家具を制作。

ネルソン
Nelson， Thomas， Jr.

[生]1738.12.26. バージニア，ヨークタウン
[没]1789.1.4. バージニア，ハノーバー
アメリカの商人，政治家。アメリカ独立宣言署名者の一人。 1775～77年大陸会議代表。 81年 T.ジェファーソンの跡を継いでバージニア州知事となり，アメリカ独立戦争の遂行に私財をなげうって尽力した。

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