Carbon disulfide - Niryukatanso

CS ₂ (76.14). It is naturally found in small amounts in coal and crude oil. It is synthesized industrially by overheating charcoal and sulfur vapor, or by reacting CH ₄ and sulfur vapor in the presence of a catalyst. In the gaseous form, it is a linear molecule of SCS. SC about 1.56 Å. The solid is tetragonal. Density 1.263 g cm ^-3 . Melting point -111.6 °C, boiling point 46.5 °C. It is highly volatile, flammable, and has a high refractive index. The liquid is colorless, but if left for a long time, it gradually decomposes even at room temperature and becomes yellowish. The decomposition is accelerated by light. Pure form has an ethereal fragrance, but commercially pure form has a foul odor. It polymerizes at temperatures above 175 °C.


It forms a black lump of water. It is poorly soluble in water. It mixes with ethanol, benzene, ether, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, etc. in any ratio. It dissolves sulfur, yellow phosphorus, iodine, resin, rubber, etc. When combined with alcoholic alkali hydroxides, it forms xanthogenates.

CS ₂ + C ₂ H ₅ OK → C ₂ H ₅ OCS ₂ K

With amines it forms thiocarboxylic acids.

CS ₂ + (C ₂ H ₅ ) ₂ NH + NaOH → (C ₂ H ₅ ) ₂ NCS ₂ Na

With metal sulfides it forms thiocarbonates.

_CS2 + CaS → _CaCS3

As in these examples, CS ₂ reacts with OR ^- , HS ^- , and R ₂ NH in alkaline solution to form ROS ₂ ^- , CS ₃ ^2- , and R ₂ NCS ₂ ^- , respectively. It is used in the manufacture of rayon, carbon tetrachloride, xanthates, etc., as well as in the manufacture of solvents (P, S, Se, I ₂ , oils and fats, resins, rubber, etc.), flotation fluids, and in the manufacture of pesticides and insecticides. Toxic. [CAS 75-15-0]

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

CS₂(76.14)．天然に，石炭や原油にも微量含まれている．工業的には，木炭と硫黄蒸気を過熱するか，触媒の存在下でCH₄と硫黄蒸気を反応させて合成する．気体では，S-C-Sの直線形分子．S-C約1.56 Å．固体は正方晶系．密度1.263 g cm^－3．融点－111.6 ℃，沸点46.5 ℃．揮発性，引火性，屈折率が大きい．液体は無色で長く放置すると，室温でもしだいに分解して黄色味を帯びる．分解は光で促進される．純粋なものはエーテルのような芳香をもつが，市販品の純度のものは悪臭をもつ．175 ℃ 以上で重合して


の黒色塊となる．水には難溶．エタノール，ベンゼン，エーテル，クロロホルム，四塩化炭素などとは任意の割合でまじる．硫黄，黄リン，ヨウ素，樹脂，ゴムなどを溶かす．アルコール性水酸化アルカリとはキサントゲン酸塩をつくる．

CS₂ ＋ C₂H₅OK → C₂H₅OCS₂K

アミンとはチオカルボン酸をつくる．

CS₂ ＋ (C₂H₅)₂NH ＋ NaOH → (C₂H₅)₂NCS₂Na

金属硫化物とはチオ炭酸塩をつくる．

CS₂ ＋ CaS → CaCS₃

これらの例のように，CS₂はOR^－，HS^－，R₂NHとアルカリ溶液で反応してそれぞれROS₂^－，CS₃^2－，R₂NCS₂^－をつくる．レーヨン人絹，四塩化炭素，キサントゲン酸塩などの製造用に用いられるほか，溶剤(P，S，Se，I₂，油脂，樹脂，ゴムなど)，浮遊選鉱用液の製造，農薬や殺虫剤の製造などにも用いられる．有毒．[CAS 75-15-0]

出典　森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）」化学辞典 第2版について　情報