A long, narrow French island stretching from northwest to southeast, located in the southwest Pacific Ocean, east of Australia. In French, it is called Nouvelle Calédonie. Administratively, it includes the neighboring islands of Pines and Loyalty. It is one of the world's leading producers of nickel ore, with most of it exported to Japan. It also produces chromium and iron ore. It also produces coffee, copra, and corn. Its capital is Noumea in the south. Cook arrived in 1774. It was occupied by France in 1853, and in the late 19th century, political prisoners were sent there as a penal colony. The independence movement by the indigenous Kanak people continues, centered around the Kanak Socialist National Liberation Front (FLNKS). In 1988, the Matignon Agreement was signed between the FLNKS and anti-independence groups, stating that a referendum on independence would be held in 1998. The agreement was approved by referendums in both France and New Caledonia. In 1998, the Noumea Accords were signed between the French government, the FLNKS, and anti-independence groups, stipulating that autonomy would be gradually expanded over the next 15 to 20 years, culminating in a new referendum on independence, which was upheld in the referendum. Area: 18,575 km2 . Population: 268,767 (2014). Related topics Kanaka | France | South Pacific Commission | South Pacific Forum | Melanesia | Loyalty Islands Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information |
南西太平洋,オーストラリア東方に位置する北西から南東に細長い仏領の島。フランス語ではヌーベル・カレドニー。行政上は周辺のパイン諸島,ローヤルティ諸島などを加える。ニッケル鉱の産額は世界有数で,大部分は日本へ輸出する。クロム,鉄鉱も産する。他にコーヒー,コプラ,トウモロコシの農産もある。主都は南部のヌーメア。 1774年クックが来航した。1853年フランスが占領し,19世紀後半流刑植民地として政治犯が送られた。先住民のカナク人による独立運動がカナク社会主義民族解放戦線(FLNKS)を中心に続けられており,1988年にはFLNKSと独立反対派との間で,1998年に独立の是非を問う住民投票を行う,とのマティニョン協定が結ばれ,協定はフランス,ニューカレドニア双方の住民投票で承認された。さらに1998年には,今後15〜20年かけて徐々に自治を拡大していき,最終的には独立の是非を問う住民投票を新たに実施する,とのヌーメア協定がフランス政府,FLNKS,独立反対派の間で結ばれ,住民投票でもこの合意が支持された。1万8575km2。26万8767人(2014)。 →関連項目カナカ|フランス|南太平洋委員会|南太平洋フォーラム|メラネシア|ローヤルティ[諸島] 出典 株式会社平凡社百科事典マイペディアについて 情報 |
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