Nikko Shasan - Nikkoshasan

Japanese: 日光社参 - にっこうしゃさん

During the Edo period, this meant visiting the Toshogu Shrine on Mount Nikko, the mausoleum of Tokugawa Ieyasu. People of various ranks, including Nikko Reiheishi (Japanese envoys), the Shogun, feudal lords, bannermen, vassals, and common people such as farmers, merchants, and artisans, were allowed to visit the shrine (Toshogu) and the mausoleum of Taiyuin (Tokugawa Iemitsu), but only bannermen and above were allowed to do so. Shoguns' visits to the shrine were concentrated on April 17th, the anniversary of Ieyasu's death, but it required huge amounts of money and manpower. When Tokugawa Ieharu visited the shrine in 1776, it required a total of 4 million people, including accompanying daimyo and bannermen and their retainers, and laborers mobilized from villages in Musashi, Shimousa, Shimotsuke, and other areas, 300,000 horses, and 220,000 ryo in gold. It is said that when Tokugawa Yoshimune visited the shrine, it cost 20,000 ryo to build a boat bridge at Bosen Ferry on the Tone River. When feudal lords or hatamoto visited the shrine, they had designated lodgings within the Nikko mountain area, and when paying their respects, they wore the same attire as they would wear in Edo Castle.
→ Related article Nikko Road

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

江戸時代，日光山徳川家康廟東照宮に参詣すること。社参は日光例幣使，将軍，大名，旗本，御家人や農工商の庶民などさまざまの身分の者が行ったが，御宮（東照宮）と大猷院（徳川家光）御霊屋(おたまや)への拝礼が許されたのは旗本以上に限られていた。将軍の社参は家康命日の４月17日に集中していたが，莫大な費用と人手を要した。1776年の徳川家治の社参時には供奉の大名・旗本やその家臣，武蔵・下総・下野などの村々から動員された人足を含め延べ400万人，馬30万疋，金22万両を要している。また徳川吉宗の社参のとき，利根川の房川(ぼうせん)渡に船橋を架けるのに２万両の費用がかかったという。大名や旗本の社参ではそれぞれ日光山内に宿坊が定まっており，拝礼には江戸城中での服装が着用された。
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