A tribe of American Indians living in the states of New Mexico, Arizona, and Utah. The population is estimated at about 100,000. Their language is similar to that of the Apache, and they belong to the Athabascan family. They are thought to have migrated from the north in the 10th to 13th centuries. They were influenced by the Pueblo people in agriculture, weaving, and rituals. They learned metalwork (especially silverwork) from Mexicans in the 19th century, and are famous for Navajo carpets. The society is made up of about 60 clans, and has a matrilineal kinship organization. A person cannot marry a member of either parent's clan. In recent years, this custom is gradually disappearing under U.S. law. Many live on designated reservations, but the arid climate makes the area unsuitable for agriculture or livestock farming, so many people go outside the area to work. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
アメリカのニューメキシコ,アリゾナ,ユタの各州に住むアメリカインディアンの一民族。人口約 10万と推定される。言語はアパッチ族のそれと類似しており,アサバスカン語族に属する。 10~13世紀に北方から移住してきたと考えられる。農業,織物,儀式などの面ではプエブロ族から影響を受けた。 19世紀にメキシコ人から学んだ金属工芸 (特に銀細工) はナバホ絨毯とともに有名。社会は約 60の氏族から成り,母系的な親族組織をもっている。両親の氏族に属する者とは結婚することができない。最近では合衆国の法律のもとでこの慣習は次第に失われつつある。多くが指定居留地に住むが,乾燥地帯のため農業や牧畜に適さないので,地区外に出稼ぎに出る者も多い。
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