Napata (English spelling)

Japanese: ナパタ（英語表記）Napata

The capital of the Nubian Kingdom of Kush (c. 750-c. 590 BC). Located downstream of the fourth cataract of the Nile, around present-day Malawi in Sudan. During the New Kingdom (c. 1567-c. 1085 BC), the city was influenced by Egyptian culture and the worship of Amun spread. Around the 8th century BC, at the strong urging of the priests from Thebes, the kings of Kush attacked Egypt, which had been cut off by the Libyans. In particular, King Piankhi overthrew the 24th Dynasty of Egypt and developed the 25th Dynasty (c. 730-656 BC) (hence, this dynasty is called the Kushite Dynasty or Napata Dynasty), which became the center of Egypt. However, the fourth king, Taharqa, was defeated by Assyrian Esarhaddon and his son Ashurbanipal and fled to Nubia. Kush continued to recover, but Napata was conquered by the 26th Dynasty (590 BC) and the capital was moved to Meroe, where it continued to exist as a religious center. The steep-sided pyramids and Egyptian-style temples built by King Taharqa still remain.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

ヌビアのクシュ王国 (前 750頃～590頃) の首都。ナイルの第4急流の下流，現スーダンのマラウィのあたりに位置する。新王国時代 (前 1567～1085頃) にはエジプトの文化的影響を受け，アモン信仰が広まった。前8世紀頃になるとテーベから来た神官たちの強力な要請のもとにクシュの王たちはリビア人に寸断されていたエジプトを攻撃。特にピアンキ王はエジプトの第 24王朝を倒し，第 25王朝 (前 730頃～656) を発展させ (したがって，この王朝をクシュ王朝，ナパタ王朝と呼ぶ) ，エジプトの中心となった。しかし第4代目の王タハルカはアッシリアのエサルハッドンおよびその息子アッシュールバニパルに敗れ，ヌビアに逃れた。クシュはなおも再興をはかったが，第 26王朝によりナパタは制圧され (前 590) ，クシュの首都はメロエに移り，宗教的中心として命脈を保った。タハルカ王が建造した側面が急斜面のピラミッドとエジプト風の神殿が現存する。

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