Nakayama family

A family of nobles since the late Heian period. A branch of the Kazan-in family, whose ancestor was Kazan-in Ietada, the Minister of the Left, the second son of the Chancellor Fujiwara Morozane, who belonged to the Northern Fujiwara clan and was active during the Insei period. One of the Urin families. Its ancestor was Nakayama Tadachika, the Minister of the Interior, the second son of Ietada's son Gon Chunagon Tadamune, whose descendants held the highest rank of Dainagon until the Meiji Restoration. During the Edo period, the shogunate granted them a fief of 200 koku. Their descendant Tadayasu, the maternal grandfather of Emperor Meiji, worked hard to restore the monarchy, and after the Meiji Restoration he served as a councilor, assistant secretary, governor of the Jingikan office, and earl of Jingi. Tadayo's seventh son, Tadamitsu, also served as a courtier in the Sonno Joi faction, and in 1863 (Bunkyu 3) he led the Tenchugumi (group of soldiers who opposed the government) and attacked the shogunate magistrate's office in Gojo, Yamato Province (Gojo City, Nara Prefecture) to raise an army to overthrow the shogunate. However, he was defeated by a punitive force from the shogunate, and was assassinated the following year in Nagato Province (Yamaguchi Prefecture), where he had fled.

[Ueno Shuji]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

平安後期以来の公卿(くぎょう)の家。藤原北家(ほっけ)に属し、院政期に活躍した関白藤原師実(もろざね)の二男左大臣花山院家忠(かざんいんいえただ)を祖とする花山院家の分流にあたる。羽林(うりん)家の一つ。家忠の子権中納言(ごんちゅうなごん)忠宗(ただむね)の二男内大臣中山忠親(ただちか)を祖とし、忠親の子孫は大納言を極官(ごっかん)として維新に至る。江戸時代幕府より200石の領地を与えられた。子孫の忠能(ただやす)は明治天皇の外祖父として王政復古に尽力し、維新後は議定(ぎじょう)、輔弼(ほひつ)、神祇官(じんぎかん)知事、神祇伯などを務めた。また忠能七男忠光(ただみつ)も尊王攘夷派(そんのうじょういは)廷臣として活動し、1863年（文久3）天誅組(てんちゅうぐみ)を率いて大和国(やまとのくに)五條(ごじょう)（奈良県五條市）の幕府代官所を襲って討幕の兵をあげたが、幕府側の討伐軍のために敗れ、翌年逃亡先の長門国(ながとのくに)（山口県）で暗殺された。

［上野秀治］

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