Chancel (English spelling)

Japanese: 内陣 - ないじん（英語表記）chancel

An architectural term, as opposed to the outer sanctuary. In Christian churches, the term refers to the area where the high altar is placed and reserved for the clergy. Since the 6th and 7th centuries, it has usually been located at the eastern end of the church. The boundary between the nave and the pews is defined by a sanctuary fence, but in some cases the floor is raised to distinguish it from the other parts of the nave. When the side aisles form an ambulatory around the sanctuary, the sanctuary fence surrounds the entire sanctuary, and the sides form the backs of the choir seats. In Germany, from the Carolingian period to the Romanesque period, there was a double sanctuary style, with a sanctuary at the western end of the church. In Buddhism and Shintoism in the East, the sanctuary is a sacred space where the principal image or statue of the founder is placed, and is separated from the outer sanctuary in front of it, which is accessible to the general public, by a barrier. Depending on the era and sect, it may be divided by a fence or a plaster platform.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

建築用語。外陣に対する。キリスト教の聖堂において，大祭壇が置かれ，聖職者の専用する部分をいう。6～7世紀頃より通常は聖堂の東端にある。身廊の会衆席との境界は，内陣仕切り柵によって区分されるが，床面が一段と高くなりほかの身廊部分と区別されるものもある。側廊が内陣のまわりをめぐるアンビュラトリー (周歩廊) を形づくる場合，内陣仕切り柵は内陣の全周を囲み，側面は聖歌隊席 (コワイアー) の椅子の背となる。またカロリング朝およびロマネスクまでのドイツには聖堂の西端にも内陣を設けた二重内陣形式がある。東洋でも仏教，神道において，本尊や祖師像などを安置する至聖所を，その前面の，一般人の立入る外陣と結界を設けて区分し内陣という。時代，宗派により，柵によって区分する場合と，漆喰の壇を設ける場合など異同がある。

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