Toast - toast (English spelling)

Japanese: トースト - とーすと(英語表記)toast
Toast - toast (English spelling)

Toasting refers to the act of browning bread over a fire (radiant heat), and also refers to bread that has been toasted in this way. Bread that has been toasted looks appetizing, tastes better, and is easy to digest. In Japan, toast refers to thin slices of bread that have been toasted, and the browning depends on the preference, and it is eaten with butter and jam.

Some typical toasts in foreign countries are as follows: (1) Melba toast: Bread is lightly toasted, cut into two slices, and toasted again until both sides are brown. This was created by chef Escoffier for Madame César Ritz, a world-famous hotelier. It was meant to be called Toast Marie, but the famous Australian soprano singer Nellie Melba (1861-1931) stayed at the hotel during a concert tour. She was on a diet and ate only toast, so Escoffier, who was a Melba lover, named this toast after her. (2) French bread toast: A long, thin slice of French bread is cut into deep slices at appropriate intervals, leaving only the bottom crust connected. Butter is applied on only one side of each slice, and the slices are baked in a medium-heat oven for about 10 minutes. (3) Butter cup: The crusts are cut off from white bread, thin slices are spread with butter, and the slices are pressed into a muffin tin, so that the four corners of the slices open like flowers. (4) Toast case: White bread is sliced ​​into pieces about 5 cm thick, the crusts are cut off, the pieces are cut into a square or rectangular shape, a square hole is cut in the center of the top, the surface is smeared with butter, and the bread is toasted in an oven. (5) Rusk: A product made by slicing bread that has already been baked and toasting it. It has long been used as a nutritious and preserved food, but is now attracting attention as a food for the sick and as a health food. French biscuits, German Ziebach, and Dutch rusks are well-known, each with its own unique dough composition and toasting texture.

The English word for a toast is "toast," and it is said that this term originated from the medieval custom of serving toasted bread with drinks.

[Masazo Akutsu]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

火(輻射(ふくしゃ)熱)にあぶって茶色にすること、またこのようにあぶったパンをいう。トーストして焦げ色のついたパンは見た目に食欲をそそり、風味がよくなるうえに消化もよい。日本のトーストは食パンの薄切りをトーストしたものをさし、焦げ色は好みにあわせ、バターを塗りジャムなどをつけて食べる。

 外国での代表的なトーストには次のようなものがある。(1)メルバ・トースト 一度軽く焼いたパンを2枚に切り、もう一度両面が茶色になるまで焼いたもの。ホテル経営で世界的に有名なセザール・リッツ夫人のために料理人エスコフィエがつくったもので、トースト・マリーとするはずだったが、オーストラリアの有名なソプラノ歌手ネリー・メルバ(1861―1931)が演奏旅行でそのホテルに泊まり合わせ、節食中でトーストばかり食べていたため、メルバびいきのエスコフィエはこのトーストにメルバの名前をつけてしまったという。(2)フランスパンのトースト 細長いフランスパンを適当な間隔を置いて深く切り込み、底の皮だけつなげておく。このスライスした各片の片側だけにバターを塗って、中火のオーブンで約10分間焼く。(3)バター・カップ 白パンの耳を切り落として薄切りにした表面にバターを塗り、マフィン型に押し込んで、四角な切片の四隅が花のように開いた形に仕上げたもの。(4)トースト・ケース 白パンを厚さ約5センチメートルずつにスライスして耳を切り、真四角か長四角体にして上面中央に四角く穴(あな)をくりぬいた箱状にし、表面にバターを塗ってオーブンでトーストしたもの。(5)ラスク 一度焼き上げたパンをスライスしてトーストした製品をいう。古くから栄養食、保存食として用いられたが、現在では病人食、健康食として注目されている。フランスのビスコット、ドイツのツィーバック、オランダのダッチラスクは有名で、それぞれ生地の配合とトーストぐあいに特徴がある。

 祝杯、乾杯のことを英語でトーストというが、これは中世紀の習慣に、飲み物にトーストしたパン切れを添えるということがあって生まれた用語といわれている。

[阿久津正蔵]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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