Tokugawa Iesada

Japanese: 徳川家定 - とくがわ・いえさだ

Year of death: July 6, 5th year of Ansei (August 14, 1858)
Year of birth: Bunsei 7.4.8 (1824.5.6)
The 13th Tokugawa Shogun. Son of the 12th Shogun, Ienari, his mother was Atobe Ujimitsu. In 1837, he was appointed heir, and in 1839, he moved to Nishinomaru. In June 1853, Ienari died, and in November of the same year, he was proclaimed Shogun. He was said to have been naturally ill, had a strong temper, and disliked being in public, and had no children. In October 1857, he received an audience with American Consul General Harris in Edo Castle, and around this time, the selection of the Shogun's successor became an issue. One candidate was Tokugawa Yoshitoku (Iemochi), lord of the Kishu domain, who was close in blood to the Tokugawa main family, and the other was Tokugawa (Hitotsubashi) Yoshinobu, who was supported by Tokugawa Yoshitoshi, lord of the Owari domain, Matsudaira Yoshinaga, lord of the Echizen domain, and Shimazu Nariakira, lord of the Satsuma domain, and formed the Hitotsubashi faction. The following year, after the senior councilor Masamune Hotta failed to obtain imperial sanction for the treaty, he appointed Naosuke Ii as chief advisor and entrusted him with leading the shogunate government. On May 1, he convened the senior councilors and conveyed his intention to make Yoshitoshi his successor, which he made public on June 25. On July 5, he punished the Hitotsubashi faction of daimyo to ensure Yoshitoshi's safety, and died the next day.

(Inoue Isao)

Source: Asahi Japanese Historical Biography: Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. About Asahi Japanese Historical Biography

Japanese:

没年：安政5.7.6(1858.8.14)
生年：文政7.4.8(1824.5.6)
徳川13代将軍。12代将軍家慶の子,母は跡部氏美津。天保8(1837)年世子に定められ,同12年西ノ丸に移る。嘉永6(1853)年6月家慶が死去,同年11月将軍宣下を受けた。性来病弱,癇癖が強く人前に出ることを嫌ったといわれ,また子を得なかった。安政4(1857)年10月アメリカ総領事ハリスを江戸城内に引見,この前後より将軍の継嗣選定が問題となり始める。一方の候補は徳川宗家と血脈の近い紀州藩主徳川慶福(家茂),他方は徳川(一橋)慶喜で尾張藩主徳川慶恕,越前藩主松平慶永,薩摩藩主島津斉彬がこれを支持し一橋派を構成した。翌年,老中堀田正睦が条約勅許を得ることに失敗したのちの4月,井伊直弼を大老に任じて幕政指導を委ねた。5月1日,大老・老中を招集し,慶福を継嗣とする意向を伝え,6月25日公表。次いで7月5日,慶福の安全を図るため一橋派の大名を処分,翌日没した。<参考文献>『続徳川実紀』

(井上勲)

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