Atoms with different atomic numbers but the same mass number are said to be isobars. Mass number is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons that make up the atomic nucleus, not the mass itself, and isobars generally do not have the same mass. As both atomic number and mass number are attributes of the atomic nucleus, they are also called isobars or isobaric nuclei. When a radioactive nuclide undergoes β - decay it becomes an isobar with an atomic number increased by 1, and when it undergoes β + decay or electron capture (a form of nuclear decay; abbreviated as electron capture, EC), it becomes an isobar with an atomic number decreased by 1. [Iwamoto Shinbu] [Reference] | | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
原子番号が異なり、質量数が等しい原子を、互いに同重体であるという。質量数は原子核を構成する陽子の個数と中性子の個数の和の数値であり、質量そのものではなく、一般に同重体間では質量は等しくはならない。原子番号も質量数も原子核の属性であるから、同重核あるいは同重核種ともいう。放射性核種がβ-崩壊すると原子番号が1だけ増加した同重体に、β+崩壊あるいは電子捕獲(原子核の崩壊形式の一つ。electron capture略号EC)すると1だけ減少した同重体となる。 [岩本振武] [参照項目] | | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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