A defensive alliance between Germany and Austria against Russia that existed from 1879 to 1918. It is also known as the Zweibund (Zweibund), or the German-Austrian Alliance. After the Congress of Berlin in 1878, relations between Germany and Russia deteriorated, so Bismarck strengthened ties with Austria, and on October 7, 1879, a secret military alliance between the two countries was signed in Vienna. The treaty obliged the contracting parties to fight together if one of them was attacked by Russia, and to maintain benevolent neutrality when attacked by a country other than Russia. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
1879‐1918年,ドイツとオーストリアの間に存続した対ロシア防御同盟。単に二国同盟Zweibundとも,また独墺同盟ともよばれる。1878年ベルリン会議以後,ドイツとロシアとの関係が悪化したので,ビスマルクはオーストリアとの結合を強め,79年10月7日,両国間の秘密軍事同盟がウィーンで調印された。この条約は,締約国の一国がロシアから攻撃された場合,他の一国が共同して戦い,ロシア以外の国の攻撃をうけたときには好意的中立を守ることを義務づけていた。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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