This is a type of therapy that aims to achieve treatment by moving from one's usual place of residence to a place with different environmental factors such as climate elements, staying there for a relatively long period of time for recuperation, and is considered to be part of climatotherapy in the broad sense. The content of this therapy is mainly the psychological effect of stimulating the body's climate acclimatization function and changing one's mood, so it is necessary to choose a place where the change of environment is not too great. In the past, when chemotherapy was not yet developed, emphasis was placed on air rest therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis patients, and sanatoriums located on the coast or high mountains where the air was clean were popular. This is a typical example of change of environment therapy. Even today, new resorts and sanatoriums are being built that are equipped with not only natural environments but also the facilities necessary for patient recuperation. In addition, symptoms such as hay fever can be eliminated by simply moving to a place without pollen, and respiratory disorders caused by air pollution can be cured by moving to an area with clean air, and the effects of forest bathing at the change of environment have been rediscovered. Touji, a long-standing practice, is also a type of change of environment therapy. However, while so-called hot spring therapy or climate therapy lasts for three weeks, climate change therapy generally requires a longer stay, lasting for over a year. [Noriaki Yanagishita] [References] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
日常の居住地から気候要素など環境因子の異なる土地に移り、比較的長期間滞在して保養を行うことによって治療目的を期待する療法で、広義の気候療法climatotherapyの一部とみられる。その内容は、主として生体の気候順化機能に対する刺激と気分転換による心理的効果であり、転地による環境変化があまり大きすぎない場所を選ぶことが必要である。かつて化学療法が未発達だったころには肺結核患者に対して大気安静療法が重視され、空気の清浄な海岸や高山などに設けられた療養所が好んで利用されたのは、転地療法の代表例である。現在でも、自然環境ばかりでなく患者の療養に必要な施設を備えた保養地や療養地が新しくつくられている。また、花粉症などは花粉のない土地に移るだけで症状が消えるし、大気汚染による呼吸障害なども空気の清浄な地区に移ることによって治癒が促進されるほか、転地先での森林浴の効果も再認識されてきた。古くから親しまれてきた湯治(とうじ)も、転地療法の一種である。しかし、いわゆる温泉療法や気候療法では3週間を1クールとしているが、一般に転地療法ではさらに長期、つまり年余にわたる滞在期間が必要とされている。 [柳下徳雄] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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