Iron bridle

A general term used by Chinese in the Sui and Tang dynasties to refer to Turkic tribes other than the Turks. Successor to Dingling and Gaoche. Probably a transliteration of Turk. Today, Turkic peoples are called Turks, which is a contraction of the word Turk. During the Sui dynasty, they were distributed in an area from the south of Lake Baikal to the north of the Aral Sea and the Caspian Sea. They were conquered by the Turks, but one of their tribes, Xueyantuo, cooperated with the Tang army and temporarily collapsed the Eastern Turks (630). However, they were defeated by the Tang (646) and divided into six governorates and seven governorates, and were ruled by the Tang. With the restoration of the Eastern Turks (682), they gained independence from the Tang Dynasty and submitted to the Eastern Turks, but one of their tribes, the Uighurs, destroyed the Eastern Turks (744).

[Masao Mamoru]

“Ancient Nomadic Empire” by Masao Go (Chuko Shinsho)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

隋(ずい)・唐代の中国人が突厥(とっけつ)以外のトルコ（チュルク）系諸部族をよんだ総称。丁零(ていれい)、高車の後身。チュルクTürükの音写であろう。今日トルコ系民族をTürkというが、これはTürükの語が短縮されたものである。隋代にはバイカル湖の南からアラル海、カスピ海の北にわたる地域に分布していた。突厥に征服されたが、その一部族薛延陀(せつえんだ)が唐軍と協力して東突厥を一時瓦解(がかい)させた（630）。しかし、唐に討たれ（646）、六都督府、七刺史州に分けられて唐の羈縻(きび)支配を受けた。東突厥の復興（682）とともに唐から独立して東突厥に服属したが、その一部族ウイグルが東突厥を滅ぼした（744）。

［護　雅夫］

『護雅夫著『古代遊牧帝国』（中公新書）』

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例