Decalcomani (English: décalcomanie French)

Japanese: デカルコマニー - でかるこまにー(英語表記)décalcomanie フランス語
Decalcomani (English: décalcomanie French)

It is translated as the transfer method. As a general noun, it refers to a method used in painting pottery and glass, in which a picture drawn on chemically treated paper is pressed against the surface of the vessel to transfer it exactly. In Surrealism, it is an art technique used alongside "collage" and "frottage". It refers to a method of applying paint to a glass plate or smooth paper such as art paper, pressing another sheet of paper over the top to transfer the image, or folding the painted paper in half and opening it to obtain various shapes. These are unconscious images created by pure chance, without any prior calculation or awareness, and their abstract forms evoke various associations, making them a perfect means of expression for the Surrealists. It is said to have been discovered by Oscar Dominguez in 1935, but many people have tried it, with Ernst being particularly good at it. In psychology, it is used in the Rorschach test.

[Shigeo Chiba]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

転写法と訳される。一般名詞としては、薬品処理を行った紙の上に描かれた絵を器の表面に押し当ててそっくり転写する、陶器やガラスの絵付(えつけ)に用いられる方法をいう。シュルレアリスムにおいては、「コラージュ」や「フロッタージュ」と並んで用いられた美術の一手法。ガラス板やアート紙など滑性の紙の上に絵の具を塗り、上から別紙を押さえて像を写し取ったり、あるいは絵の具を塗った紙を二つ折りにして開くことによっていろいろな形を得る方法をさす。これらは、まえもって計算されたり意識されたことのない、まったくの偶然によってできあがる無意識像であり、その抽象形体はさまざまな連想を呼び起こすため、シュルレアリストにとってかっこうの表現手段となった。1935年オスカー・ドミンゲスによって発見されたといわれるが、多くの人が手がけ、とくにエルンストに優れた作品がある。なお心理学ではロールシャッハ・テストに使われている。

[千葉成夫]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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