Stationary process

Japanese: 定常過程 - ていじょうかてい
Stationary process

It is a model of a chance phenomenon that fluctuates over time but is in a stationary state. Mathematically speaking, it is a type of stochastic process, and "stationary" has two meanings: strong and weak. In the stochastic process {X t }, for any t 1 , t 2 , …, t n , s, the probability distribution of the n-dimensional random variable (,,……,) is given by the n-dimensional random variable (,,……,)
{X t } is called a strongly stationary process when its probability distribution coincides with that of the random variable X t . On the other hand, the random process {X t } is called a weakly stationary process when the mean value E(X t ) of the random variable X t is independent of t, and E(X u+t・X v+t ) for any u and v is also independent of t. If {X t } is a strongly stationary process and E() is finite, then {X t } is a weakly stationary process. In a weakly stationary process, the covariance function ρ(t)=E((X s -m)(X s+t -m)),m=E(X t ).
plays an important role.

[Shigeru Furuya]

"Stationary Stochastic Processes" by Tatsuo Kawada (Kyoritsu Lecture Series: Modern Mathematics 32, 1985, Kyoritsu Publishing)

[Reference] | Stochastic processes

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

時間の経過に伴って変動するが、定常状態にあるような偶然現象のモデルである。数学的にいえば確率過程の一種であって、「定常」には強い意味と弱い意味の二通りある。確率過程{Xt}において、任意のt1、t2、……、tn、sに対してn次元確率変数(,,……,)の確率分布がn次元確率変数
 (,,……,)
の確率分布と一致する場合に、{Xt}を強定常過程という。一方、確率変数Xtの平均値E(Xt)がtに無関係であり、任意のu、vに対してE(Xu+t・Xv+t)もtに無関係である場合に、確率過程{Xt}を弱定常過程という。{Xt}が強定常過程でE()が有限であれば、{Xt}は弱定常過程である。弱定常過程においては共分散関数
 ρ(t)=E((Xs-m)(Xs+t-m)),m=E(Xt)
が重要な役割を演ずる。

[古屋 茂]

『河田龍夫著『定常確率過程』(『共立講座 現代の数学32』1985・共立出版)』

[参照項目] | 確率過程

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