A marine animal belonging to the phylum Coelenterata, class Anthozoa, subclass Octocorallia, order Gorgoniophorida, family Coralidae, or a bony shaft made by such an animal. Tosa Bay in Shikoku has been famous as a source of this species since the end of the Edo period, but it has since been discovered that it is found on the west coast of Kyushu from Kagoshima Prefecture to the Goto Islands, from Sagami Bay through the Izu Islands to the Ogasawara Islands, and even in Taiwan. It attaches to rocky reefs at depths of 50 to several hundred meters. The colony branches out like a tree, forming a flat fan shape that is about 50 centimeters high and wide. The branches become thinner and more numerous as they go further out. Many small branches also come out from one side of the colony, and many polyps are scattered on that side. The other side hardly has any polyps scattered on it. When alive, it has a pale vermilion coenchyma, and the tips of the branches turn whitish. The strong, bony shaft is blood-red in colour, the polyps are translucent, and the eight slender tentacles are feathery like other octocorals. The bony shaft is often fashioned into various ornamental items. [Hiroomi Uchida] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
腔腸(こうちょう)動物門花虫綱八放サンゴ亜綱ヤギ目サンゴ科に属する海産動物、あるいはその動物のつくった骨軸。四国の土佐湾が江戸末期から産地として有名であるが、その後、鹿児島県から五島列島にかけての九州西岸や、相模(さがみ)湾より伊豆諸島を経て小笠原(おがさわら)諸島、さらに台湾にも産することが明らかになった。水深50メートルから数百メートルの岩礁面に固着する。群体は樹状分枝をして平面状の扇形となり、高さ、幅とも50センチメートルぐらいになる。分枝は先へいくほど細くなり、かつ多くなる。また小さな分枝は群体の片面から多く出て、その面にはポリプも多く散在している。他の面はほとんどポリプを散布させない。生時は薄い朱色の共肉をもち、枝先部は白っぽくなる。強固な骨軸は血赤色で、ポリプは半透明、8本の細長い触手は他の八放サンゴ類と同様に羽状突起を備える。骨軸は各種の装飾品に加工される。 [内田紘臣] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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