Isoprene rubber

Japanese: イソプレンゴム - いそぷれんごむ(英語表記)isoprene rubber
Isoprene rubber

A polymer of isoprene. Its abbreviation according to ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) standards is IR. It is generally a stereoregular polyisoprene with 94% or more cis-1,4 bonds.


It is also called synthetic natural rubber because it has the same chemical structure as natural rubber. It is produced by solution polymerization of isoprene using Ziegler catalysts or alkyl lithium catalysts, and polyisoprene with 98% cis-1,4 bonds has been obtained. Its characteristics are similar to natural rubber, and it is vulcanized with sulfur or peroxide. It is more uniform in quality and light in color. It is possible to improve processability by adjusting the viscosity of raw rubber. Compared to natural rubber, vulcanized rubber has greater resistance to stretching and cracking, generates less heat, and has better abrasion resistance, aging resistance, and electrical properties. It can be used for the same purposes as natural rubber, but it is more expensive than natural rubber and has inferior performance in heavy-duty tires for trucks, buses, and airplanes, so demand has not increased. Qualitatively, it is a general-purpose rubber, but in terms of quantity, it falls into the category of specialty rubber.

[Kazuyoshi Fukuda]

[Reference item] | Synthetic rubber | Polyisoprene

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

イソプレンの重合体。ASTM(アメリカ材料試験協会)の規格による略称はIR。一般にはシス-1,4結合が94%以上の立体規則性ポリイソプレンである。


ステレオゴム、また天然ゴムと同じ化学構造をもつので、合成天然ゴムともよばれた。ツィーグラー(チーグラー)系触媒やアルキルリチウム触媒によるイソプレンの溶液重合で製造され、シス-1,4結合が98%のポリイソプレンまで得られている。特性は天然ゴムに類似し、硫黄(いおう)や過酸化物により加硫される。品質がより均一で色も淡い。生ゴムの粘度を調整して加工性をよくすることが可能である。加硫ゴムは天然ゴムに比べて伸びや亀裂(きれつ)発生に対する抵抗性が大きく、発熱が少なく、耐摩粍性、耐老化性、電気特性などがよい。天然ゴムと同様の用途に使用できるが、天然ゴムに比較して高価であり、トラック、バス、航空機などの重負荷タイヤ性能が劣るため需要が伸びていない。質的には汎用(はんよう)ゴムであるが、量的には特殊ゴムの範囲に入る。

[福田和吉]

[参照項目] | 合成ゴム | ポリイソプレン

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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