When a lawsuit is pending in a court, it means that the court's decision transfers the lawsuit to another court. (1) Under the Civil Procedure Law, there are several cases in which a transfer is made. The first is a transfer based on difference of jurisdiction. This is made when the court where the lawsuit was first filed does not have jurisdiction over the lawsuit. The second is a transfer to avoid significant damage or delay. The third is a discretionary transfer from a summary court to a district court, and a transfer to a district court when a counterclaim is filed in the summary court. There is also a transfer in a higher court, and a remand by the higher court to the original court is also a type of transfer. (2) In criminal cases, a transfer is permitted when a related case is separated, when convenience for trial is required, when a case was prosecuted as a special power case of the high court but not, or when the summary court deems it appropriate to hear it in a district court. (3) In administrative cases, a suit in an annulment suit and a related claim may be transferred to the court in which the annulment suit is pending (Administrative Case Litigation Law). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
訴訟がある裁判所に係属している場合に,その裁判所の裁判によって訴訟の係属を他の裁判所に移転させることをいう。 (1) 民事訴訟法上,移送が行なわれるのには,いくつかの場合がある。第1は,管轄違いに基づく移送である。これは,最初に訴えを提起された裁判所に当該訴訟の管轄権がない場合に行なわれる。第2は,著しい損害または遅滞を避けるための移送である。第3は,簡易裁判所から地方裁判所に対する裁量移送,および簡易裁判所において反訴が提起された場合における地方裁判所への移送である。また上級審における移送があり,上級審の原審への差戻しも一種の移送である。 (2) 刑事訴訟では,関連事件を分離する場合,審判の便宜をはかる場合,高等裁判所の特別権限事件として起訴されたがそうでない場合,簡易裁判所が地方裁判所で審理するのが相当と認めた場合などに移送が認められる。 (3) 行政事件訴訟では取消訴訟と関連請求にある訴えを取消訴訟の係属する裁判所に移送することが認められている (行政事件訴訟法) 。
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