Ise Riots

In December 1876 (Meiji 9), the largest anti-land tax reform uprising of the Meiji period took place in Mie Prefecture, spreading to Aichi, Gifu, and Sakai (present-day Nara) prefectures. Since November of that year, farmers in Uomi Village, Iino County, Mie Prefecture (Matsusaka City) and other areas had been repeatedly petitioning for a lowering of status grades and revision of rice prices as rice tax rates, in the face of falling rice prices, and finally rose up in revolt on December 19th. This movement quickly spread to almost the entire Mie Prefecture, and even to neighboring prefectures. During this process, the petitions turned into violent savagery and burnings, and especially in the Hokusei area (four counties: Mie, Asake, Kuwana, and Inabe), centering on Yokkaichi and Kuwana, anyone with the title of official status was the target of relentless attacks. The prefecture and the government conscripted samurai and mobilized garrison troops to put down the rebellion, bringing it to a complete end by December 24th. The number of people executed exceeded 50,000, including one person executed by hanging.

This uprising, along with the one in Ibaraki Prefecture, shocked the government, and the land tax rate was reduced from 3/100 to 2.5/100 in the following year of 1877.

[Tetsuo Kondo]

"The Ise Riots (1876) - A Record of Their Details" (1934, Mie Prefecture Department of Internal Affairs/Reprint edition, 1981, Mie Prefecture Library Association)" ▽ "Tsuchiya Takao and Ono Michio (eds.), "Records of Peasant Riots in the Early Meiji Era" (1953, Keiso Shobo)" ▽ "Oe Shinoo, "The Establishment of the Meiji State" (1959, Minerva Shobo)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

1876年（明治9）12月、三重県を中心に愛知、岐阜、堺(さかい)（現奈良）県へも波及した明治期最大規模の地租改正反対一揆(いっき)。この年11月より、三重県飯野(いいの)郡魚見(うおみ)村（松阪市）ほかの農民が、米価下落のもとで、地租改正を不満として地位等級の引下げ、石代納(こくだいのう)米価の改訂などを要求する嘆願を繰り返していたが、12月19日ついに蜂起(ほうき)した。この動きはただちに三重県下ほぼ全域に拡大し、さらに隣接県へも波及した。この過程で、嘆願は激烈な打毀(うちこわし)、焼打ちに転化し、とくに四日市、桑名を中心に北勢一帯（三重、朝明(あさけ)、桑名、員弁(いなべ)4郡）では、官と名のつくいっさいのものが徹底した攻撃対象となった。県、政府は、士族を徴募し鎮台兵をも出動させて鎮圧にあたり、12月24日には完全に終息させた。処刑者は絞首刑1人を含め5万人を超えた。

　この一揆は、茨城県の一揆とともに、政府に衝撃を与え、翌77年から地租率は100分の3から100分の2.5に引き下げられた。

［近藤哲生］

『『伊勢暴動（明治九年）顛末記』（1934・三重県内務部／復刻版・1981・三重県図書館協会）』▽『土屋喬雄・小野道雄編著『明治初年農民騒擾録』（1953・勁草書房）』▽『大江志乃夫著『明治国家の成立』（1959・ミネルヴァ書房）』

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