Gallbladder

Japanese: 胆囊 - たんのう（英語表記）gallbladder

A sac that temporarily stores bile produced in the liver. It develops as a bulge in the wall of the bile duct and opens into the common bile duct through the gallbladder duct. It is found in all vertebrates, but some lampreys, birds, and mammals lack a gallbladder. In humans, it is attached to the underside of the liver, in a depression called the gallbladder fossa, and is pear-shaped. It is 7 to 9 cm long, 2 to 3 cm wide, and has a capacity of 30 to 50 ml. It is divided into a neck, body, and fundus, and the neck is connected to the gallbladder duct, which has a spiral mucosal fold that shows a valve-like structure called Heister's valve.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

肝臓でつくられた胆汁を一時蓄えておく役目をする囊で，発生的には(輸)胆管壁の膨出として生じ，胆囊管により総胆管に開く。脊椎動物全般にみられるものだが，ヤツメウナギや鳥類，哺乳類のなかには胆囊を欠くものもある。ヒトでは肝臓の下面，胆囊窩（か）と呼ばれるくぼみに接着し，セイヨウナシ形をしている。長さ7～9cm，幅2～3cm，容量30～50ml。頸部，体部，底部に分けられ，頸部は，らせん状のハイスター弁と呼ばれる弁状構造を示す粘膜皺襞（しゆうへき）をもつ胆囊管に接続している。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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